GaiaXAndroidJS/src/main/kotlin/com/alibaba/gaiax/js/support/Types.java [20:616]:
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public class Types {

    private static final Type[] EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY = new Type[]{};

    /**
     * Returns a new parameterized type, applying {@code typeArguments} to {@code rawType}. Use this
     * method if {@code rawType} is not enclosed in another type.
     */
    public static ParameterizedType newParameterizedType(Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(null, rawType, typeArguments);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new parameterized type, applying {@code typeArguments} to {@code rawType}. Use this
     * method if {@code rawType} is enclosed in {@code ownerType}.
     */
    public static ParameterizedType newParameterizedTypeWithOwner(
            Type ownerType, Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(ownerType, rawType, typeArguments);
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array type whose elements are all instances of {@code componentType}.
     */
    public static GenericArrayType arrayOf(Type componentType) {
        return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(componentType);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that represents an unknown type that extends {@code bound}. For example, if
     * {@code bound} is {@code CharSequence.class}, this returns {@code ? extends CharSequence}. If
     * {@code bound} is {@code Object.class}, this returns {@code ?}, which is shorthand for {@code
     * ? extends Object}.
     */
    public static WildcardType subtypeOf(Type bound) {
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[]{bound}, EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that represents an unknown supertype of {@code bound}. For example, if {@code
     * bound} is {@code String.class}, this returns {@code ? super String}.
     */
    public static WildcardType supertypeOf(Type bound) {
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[]{Object.class}, new Type[]{bound});
    }

    public static Class<?> getRawType(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
            // type is a normal class.
            return (Class<?>) type;

        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;

            // I'm not exactly sure why getRawType() returns Type instead of Class. Neal isn't either but
            // suspects some pathological case related to nested classes exists.
            Type rawType = parameterizedType.getRawType();
            return (Class<?>) rawType;

        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            Type componentType = ((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType();
            return Array.newInstance(getRawType(componentType), 0).getClass();

        } else if (type instanceof TypeVariable) {
            // We could use the variable's bounds, but that won't work if there are multiple. having a raw
            // type that's more general than necessary is okay.
            return Object.class;

        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
            return getRawType(((WildcardType) type).getUpperBounds()[0]);

        } else {
            String className = type == null ? "null" : type.getClass().getName();
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected a Class, ParameterizedType, or "
                    + "GenericArrayType, but <" + type + "> is of type " + className);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the element type of this collection type.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this type is not a collection.
     */
    public static Type collectionElementType(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType) {
        Type collectionType = getSupertype(context, contextRawType, Collection.class);

        if (collectionType instanceof WildcardType) {
            collectionType = ((WildcardType) collectionType).getUpperBounds()[0];
        }
        if (collectionType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            return ((ParameterizedType) collectionType).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
        }
        return Object.class;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if {@code a} and {@code b} are equal.
     */
    public static boolean equals(Type a, Type b) {
        if (a == b) {
            return true; // Also handles (a == null && b == null).

        } else if (a instanceof Class) {
            if (b instanceof GenericArrayType) {
                return equals(((Class) a).getComponentType(),
                        ((GenericArrayType) b).getGenericComponentType());
            }
            return a.equals(b); // Class already specifies equals().

        } else if (a instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            if (!(b instanceof ParameterizedType)) return false;
            ParameterizedType pa = (ParameterizedType) a;
            ParameterizedType pb = (ParameterizedType) b;
            Type[] aTypeArguments = pa instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                    ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pa).typeArguments
                    : pa.getActualTypeArguments();
            Type[] bTypeArguments = pb instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                    ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pb).typeArguments
                    : pb.getActualTypeArguments();
            return equals(pa.getOwnerType(), pb.getOwnerType())
                    && pa.getRawType().equals(pb.getRawType())
                    && Arrays.equals(aTypeArguments, bTypeArguments);

        } else if (a instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            if (b instanceof Class) {
                return equals(((Class) b).getComponentType(),
                        ((GenericArrayType) a).getGenericComponentType());
            }
            if (!(b instanceof GenericArrayType)) return false;
            GenericArrayType ga = (GenericArrayType) a;
            GenericArrayType gb = (GenericArrayType) b;
            return equals(ga.getGenericComponentType(), gb.getGenericComponentType());

        } else if (a instanceof WildcardType) {
            if (!(b instanceof WildcardType)) return false;
            WildcardType wa = (WildcardType) a;
            WildcardType wb = (WildcardType) b;
            return Arrays.equals(wa.getUpperBounds(), wb.getUpperBounds())
                    && Arrays.equals(wa.getLowerBounds(), wb.getLowerBounds());

        } else if (a instanceof TypeVariable) {
            if (!(b instanceof TypeVariable)) return false;
            TypeVariable<?> va = (TypeVariable<?>) a;
            TypeVariable<?> vb = (TypeVariable<?>) b;
            return va.getGenericDeclaration() == vb.getGenericDeclaration()
                    && va.getName().equals(vb.getName());

        } else {
            // This isn't a supported type.
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a two element array containing this map's key and value types in positions 0 and 1
     * respectively.
     */
    static Type[] mapKeyAndValueTypes(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType) {
        // Work around a problem with the declaration of java.util.Properties. That class should extend
        // Hashtable<String, String>, but it's declared to extend Hashtable<Object, Object>.
        if (context == Properties.class) return new Type[]{String.class, String.class};

        Type mapType = getSupertype(context, contextRawType, Map.class);
        if (mapType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType mapParameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) mapType;
            return mapParameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments();
        }
        return new Type[]{Object.class, Object.class};
    }

    /**
     * Returns the generic form of {@code supertype}. For example, if this is {@code
     * ArrayList<String>}, this returns {@code Iterable<String>} given the input {@code
     * Iterable.class}.
     *
     * @param supertype a superclass of, or interface implemented by, this.
     */
    static Type getSupertype(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, Class<?> supertype) {
        if (!supertype.isAssignableFrom(contextRawType)) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        return resolve(context, contextRawType,
                getGenericSupertype(context, contextRawType, supertype));
    }

    static Type getGenericSuperclass(Type type) {
        Class<?> rawType = Types.getRawType(type);
        return resolve(type, rawType, rawType.getGenericSuperclass());
    }

    static Type[] getGenericInterfaces(Type type) {
        Class<?> rawType = Types.getRawType(type);
        Type[] interfaces = rawType.getGenericInterfaces();
        Type[] result = new Type[interfaces.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
            result[i] = resolve(type, rawType, interfaces[i]);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the element type of {@code type} if it is an array type, or null if it is not an
     * array type.
     */
    public static Type arrayComponentType(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            return ((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType();
        } else if (type instanceof Class) {
            return ((Class<?>) type).getComponentType();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if {@code rawType} is built in. We don't reflect on private fields of platform
     * types because they're unspecified and likely to be different on Java vs. Android.
     */
    public static boolean isPlatformType(Class<?> rawType) {
        String name = rawType.getName();
        return name.startsWith("android.")
                || name.startsWith("androidx.")
                || name.startsWith("java.")
                || name.startsWith("javax.")
                || name.startsWith("kotlin.")
                || name.startsWith("scala.");
    }

    /**
     * Throws the cause of {@code e}, wrapping it if it is checked.
     */
    public static RuntimeException rethrowCause(InvocationTargetException e) {
        Throwable cause = e.getTargetException();
        if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) throw (RuntimeException) cause;
        if (cause instanceof Error) throw (Error) cause;
        throw new RuntimeException(cause);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that is functionally equal but not necessarily equal according to {@link
     * Object#equals(Object) Object.equals()}.
     */
    public static Type canonicalize(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof Class) {
            Class<?> c = (Class<?>) type;
            return c.isArray() ? new GenericArrayTypeImpl(canonicalize(c.getComponentType())) : c;

        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            if (type instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl) return type;
            ParameterizedType p = (ParameterizedType) type;
            return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(p.getOwnerType(),
                    p.getRawType(), p.getActualTypeArguments());

        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            if (type instanceof GenericArrayTypeImpl) return type;
            GenericArrayType g = (GenericArrayType) type;
            return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(g.getGenericComponentType());

        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
            if (type instanceof WildcardTypeImpl) return type;
            WildcardType w = (WildcardType) type;
            return new WildcardTypeImpl(w.getUpperBounds(), w.getLowerBounds());

        } else {
            return type; // This type is unsupported!
        }
    }

    /**
     * If type is a "? extends X" wildcard, returns X; otherwise returns type unchanged.
     */
    static Type removeSubtypeWildcard(Type type) {
        if (!(type instanceof WildcardType)) return type;

        Type[] lowerBounds = ((WildcardType) type).getLowerBounds();
        if (lowerBounds.length != 0) return type;

        Type[] upperBounds = ((WildcardType) type).getUpperBounds();
        if (upperBounds.length != 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();

        return upperBounds[0];
    }

    public static Type resolve(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, Type toResolve) {
        // This implementation is made a little more complicated in an attempt to avoid object-creation.
        while (true) {
            if (toResolve instanceof TypeVariable) {
                TypeVariable<?> typeVariable = (TypeVariable<?>) toResolve;
                toResolve = resolveTypeVariable(context, contextRawType, typeVariable);
                if (toResolve == typeVariable) return toResolve;

            } else if (toResolve instanceof Class && ((Class<?>) toResolve).isArray()) {
                Class<?> original = (Class<?>) toResolve;
                Type componentType = original.getComponentType();
                Type newComponentType = resolve(context, contextRawType, componentType);
                return componentType == newComponentType
                        ? original
                        : arrayOf(newComponentType);

            } else if (toResolve instanceof GenericArrayType) {
                GenericArrayType original = (GenericArrayType) toResolve;
                Type componentType = original.getGenericComponentType();
                Type newComponentType = resolve(context, contextRawType, componentType);
                return componentType == newComponentType
                        ? original
                        : arrayOf(newComponentType);

            } else if (toResolve instanceof ParameterizedType) {
                ParameterizedType original = (ParameterizedType) toResolve;
                Type ownerType = original.getOwnerType();
                Type newOwnerType = resolve(context, contextRawType, ownerType);
                boolean changed = newOwnerType != ownerType;

                Type[] args = original.getActualTypeArguments();
                for (int t = 0, length = args.length; t < length; t++) {
                    Type resolvedTypeArgument = resolve(context, contextRawType, args[t]);
                    if (resolvedTypeArgument != args[t]) {
                        if (!changed) {
                            args = args.clone();
                            changed = true;
                        }
                        args[t] = resolvedTypeArgument;
                    }
                }

                return changed
                        ? new ParameterizedTypeImpl(newOwnerType, original.getRawType(), args)
                        : original;

            } else if (toResolve instanceof WildcardType) {
                WildcardType original = (WildcardType) toResolve;
                Type[] originalLowerBound = original.getLowerBounds();
                Type[] originalUpperBound = original.getUpperBounds();

                if (originalLowerBound.length == 1) {
                    Type lowerBound = resolve(context, contextRawType, originalLowerBound[0]);
                    if (lowerBound != originalLowerBound[0]) {
                        return supertypeOf(lowerBound);
                    }
                } else if (originalUpperBound.length == 1) {
                    Type upperBound = resolve(context, contextRawType, originalUpperBound[0]);
                    if (upperBound != originalUpperBound[0]) {
                        return subtypeOf(upperBound);
                    }
                }
                return original;

            } else {
                return toResolve;
            }
        }
    }

    private static Type resolveTypeVariable(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, TypeVariable<?> unknown) {
        Class<?> declaredByRaw = declaringClassOf(unknown);

        // We can't reduce this further.
        if (declaredByRaw == null) return unknown;

        Type declaredBy = getGenericSupertype(context, contextRawType, declaredByRaw);
        if (declaredBy instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            int index = indexOf(declaredByRaw.getTypeParameters(), unknown);
            return ((ParameterizedType) declaredBy).getActualTypeArguments()[index];
        }

        return unknown;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the generic supertype for {@code supertype}. For example, given a class {@code
     * IntegerSet}, the result for when supertype is {@code Set.class} is {@code Set<Integer>} and the
     * result when the supertype is {@code Collection.class} is {@code Collection<Integer>}.
     */
    private static Type getGenericSupertype(Type context, Class<?> rawType, Class<?> toResolve) {
        if (toResolve == rawType) {
            return context;
        }

        // we skip searching through interfaces if unknown is an interface
        if (toResolve.isInterface()) {
            Class<?>[] interfaces = rawType.getInterfaces();
            for (int i = 0, length = interfaces.length; i < length; i++) {
                if (interfaces[i] == toResolve) {
                    return rawType.getGenericInterfaces()[i];
                } else if (toResolve.isAssignableFrom(interfaces[i])) {
                    return getGenericSupertype(rawType.getGenericInterfaces()[i], interfaces[i], toResolve);
                }
            }
        }

        // check our supertypes
        if (!rawType.isInterface()) {
            while (rawType != Object.class) {
                Class<?> rawSupertype = rawType.getSuperclass();
                if (rawSupertype == toResolve) {
                    return rawType.getGenericSuperclass();
                } else if (toResolve.isAssignableFrom(rawSupertype)) {
                    return getGenericSupertype(rawType.getGenericSuperclass(), rawSupertype, toResolve);
                }
                rawType = rawSupertype;
            }
        }

        // we can't resolve this further
        return toResolve;
    }

    private static int hashCodeOrZero(Object o) {
        return o != null ? o.hashCode() : 0;
    }

    private static String typeToString(Type type) {
        return type instanceof Class ? ((Class<?>) type).getName() : type.toString();
    }

    private static int indexOf(Object[] array, Object toFind) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            if (toFind.equals(array[i])) return i;
        }
        throw new NoSuchElementException();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the declaring class of {@code typeVariable}, or {@code null} if it was not declared by
     * a class.
     */
    private static Class<?> declaringClassOf(TypeVariable<?> typeVariable) {
        GenericDeclaration genericDeclaration = typeVariable.getGenericDeclaration();
        return genericDeclaration instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) genericDeclaration : null;
    }

    private static void checkNotPrimitive(Type type) {
        if ((type instanceof Class<?>) && ((Class<?>) type).isPrimitive()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected primitive " + type + ". Use the boxed type.");
        }
    }

    static final class ParameterizedTypeImpl implements ParameterizedType {
        private final Type ownerType;
        private final Type rawType;
        final Type[] typeArguments;

        ParameterizedTypeImpl(Type ownerType, Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
            // Require an owner type if the raw type needs it.
            if (rawType instanceof Class<?>) {
                Class<?> enclosingClass = ((Class<?>) rawType).getEnclosingClass();
                if (ownerType != null) {
                    if (enclosingClass == null || Types.getRawType(ownerType) != enclosingClass) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                "unexpected owner type for " + rawType + ": " + ownerType);
                    }
                } else if (enclosingClass != null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "unexpected owner type for " + rawType + ": null");
                }
            }

            this.ownerType = ownerType == null ? null : canonicalize(ownerType);
            this.rawType = canonicalize(rawType);
            this.typeArguments = typeArguments.clone();
            for (int t = 0; t < this.typeArguments.length; t++) {
                if (this.typeArguments[t] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(this.typeArguments[t]);
                this.typeArguments[t] = canonicalize(this.typeArguments[t]);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getActualTypeArguments() {
            return typeArguments.clone();
        }

        @Override
        public Type getRawType() {
            return rawType;
        }

        @Override
        public Type getOwnerType() {
            return ownerType;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object other) {
            return other instanceof ParameterizedType
                    && Types.equals(this, (ParameterizedType) other);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return 31 * (31 * hashCodeOrZero(rawType) + hashCodeOrZero(ownerType)) +
                    Arrays.hashCode(typeArguments);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(30 * (typeArguments.length + 1));
            result.append(typeToString(rawType));

            if (typeArguments.length == 0) {
                return result.toString();
            }

            result.append("<").append(typeToString(typeArguments[0]));
            for (int i = 1; i < typeArguments.length; i++) {
                result.append(", ").append(typeToString(typeArguments[i]));
            }
            return result.append(">").toString();
        }
    }

    static final class GenericArrayTypeImpl implements GenericArrayType {
        private final Type componentType;

        GenericArrayTypeImpl(Type componentType) {
            this.componentType = canonicalize(componentType);
        }

        @Override
        public Type getGenericComponentType() {
            return componentType;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            return o instanceof GenericArrayType
                    && Types.equals(this, (GenericArrayType) o);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return componentType.hashCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return typeToString(componentType) + "[]";
        }
    }

    /**
     * The WildcardType interface supports multiple upper bounds and multiple lower bounds. We only
     * support what the Java 6 language needs - at most one bound. If a lower bound is set, the upper
     * bound must be Object.class.
     */
    static final class WildcardTypeImpl implements WildcardType {
        private final Type upperBound;
        private final Type lowerBound;

        WildcardTypeImpl(Type[] upperBounds, Type[] lowerBounds) {
            if (lowerBounds.length > 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            if (upperBounds.length != 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();

            if (lowerBounds.length == 1) {
                if (lowerBounds[0] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(lowerBounds[0]);
                if (upperBounds[0] != Object.class) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
                this.lowerBound = canonicalize(lowerBounds[0]);
                this.upperBound = Object.class;

            } else {
                if (upperBounds[0] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(upperBounds[0]);
                this.lowerBound = null;
                this.upperBound = canonicalize(upperBounds[0]);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getUpperBounds() {
            return new Type[]{upperBound};
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getLowerBounds() {
            return lowerBound != null ? new Type[]{lowerBound} : EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object other) {
            return other instanceof WildcardType
                    && Types.equals(this, (WildcardType) other);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            // This equals Arrays.hashCode(getLowerBounds()) ^ Arrays.hashCode(getUpperBounds()).
            return (lowerBound != null ? 31 + lowerBound.hashCode() : 1)
                    ^ (31 + upperBound.hashCode());
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            if (lowerBound != null) {
                return "? super " + typeToString(lowerBound);
            } else if (upperBound == Object.class) {
                return "?";
            } else {
                return "? extends " + typeToString(upperBound);
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GaiaXAndroidQuickJS/src/main/java/com/alibaba/gaiax/quickjs/Types.java [20:616]:
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public class Types {

    private static final Type[] EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY = new Type[]{};

    /**
     * Returns a new parameterized type, applying {@code typeArguments} to {@code rawType}. Use this
     * method if {@code rawType} is not enclosed in another type.
     */
    public static ParameterizedType newParameterizedType(Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(null, rawType, typeArguments);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new parameterized type, applying {@code typeArguments} to {@code rawType}. Use this
     * method if {@code rawType} is enclosed in {@code ownerType}.
     */
    public static ParameterizedType newParameterizedTypeWithOwner(
            Type ownerType, Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(ownerType, rawType, typeArguments);
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array type whose elements are all instances of {@code componentType}.
     */
    public static GenericArrayType arrayOf(Type componentType) {
        return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(componentType);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that represents an unknown type that extends {@code bound}. For example, if
     * {@code bound} is {@code CharSequence.class}, this returns {@code ? extends CharSequence}. If
     * {@code bound} is {@code Object.class}, this returns {@code ?}, which is shorthand for {@code
     * ? extends Object}.
     */
    public static WildcardType subtypeOf(Type bound) {
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[]{bound}, EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that represents an unknown supertype of {@code bound}. For example, if {@code
     * bound} is {@code String.class}, this returns {@code ? super String}.
     */
    public static WildcardType supertypeOf(Type bound) {
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[]{Object.class}, new Type[]{bound});
    }

    public static Class<?> getRawType(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
            // type is a normal class.
            return (Class<?>) type;

        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;

            // I'm not exactly sure why getRawType() returns Type instead of Class. Neal isn't either but
            // suspects some pathological case related to nested classes exists.
            Type rawType = parameterizedType.getRawType();
            return (Class<?>) rawType;

        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            Type componentType = ((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType();
            return Array.newInstance(getRawType(componentType), 0).getClass();

        } else if (type instanceof TypeVariable) {
            // We could use the variable's bounds, but that won't work if there are multiple. having a raw
            // type that's more general than necessary is okay.
            return Object.class;

        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
            return getRawType(((WildcardType) type).getUpperBounds()[0]);

        } else {
            String className = type == null ? "null" : type.getClass().getName();
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected a Class, ParameterizedType, or "
                    + "GenericArrayType, but <" + type + "> is of type " + className);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the element type of this collection type.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this type is not a collection.
     */
    public static Type collectionElementType(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType) {
        Type collectionType = getSupertype(context, contextRawType, Collection.class);

        if (collectionType instanceof WildcardType) {
            collectionType = ((WildcardType) collectionType).getUpperBounds()[0];
        }
        if (collectionType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            return ((ParameterizedType) collectionType).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
        }
        return Object.class;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if {@code a} and {@code b} are equal.
     */
    public static boolean equals(Type a, Type b) {
        if (a == b) {
            return true; // Also handles (a == null && b == null).

        } else if (a instanceof Class) {
            if (b instanceof GenericArrayType) {
                return equals(((Class) a).getComponentType(),
                        ((GenericArrayType) b).getGenericComponentType());
            }
            return a.equals(b); // Class already specifies equals().

        } else if (a instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            if (!(b instanceof ParameterizedType)) return false;
            ParameterizedType pa = (ParameterizedType) a;
            ParameterizedType pb = (ParameterizedType) b;
            Type[] aTypeArguments = pa instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                    ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pa).typeArguments
                    : pa.getActualTypeArguments();
            Type[] bTypeArguments = pb instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                    ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pb).typeArguments
                    : pb.getActualTypeArguments();
            return equals(pa.getOwnerType(), pb.getOwnerType())
                    && pa.getRawType().equals(pb.getRawType())
                    && Arrays.equals(aTypeArguments, bTypeArguments);

        } else if (a instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            if (b instanceof Class) {
                return equals(((Class) b).getComponentType(),
                        ((GenericArrayType) a).getGenericComponentType());
            }
            if (!(b instanceof GenericArrayType)) return false;
            GenericArrayType ga = (GenericArrayType) a;
            GenericArrayType gb = (GenericArrayType) b;
            return equals(ga.getGenericComponentType(), gb.getGenericComponentType());

        } else if (a instanceof WildcardType) {
            if (!(b instanceof WildcardType)) return false;
            WildcardType wa = (WildcardType) a;
            WildcardType wb = (WildcardType) b;
            return Arrays.equals(wa.getUpperBounds(), wb.getUpperBounds())
                    && Arrays.equals(wa.getLowerBounds(), wb.getLowerBounds());

        } else if (a instanceof TypeVariable) {
            if (!(b instanceof TypeVariable)) return false;
            TypeVariable<?> va = (TypeVariable<?>) a;
            TypeVariable<?> vb = (TypeVariable<?>) b;
            return va.getGenericDeclaration() == vb.getGenericDeclaration()
                    && va.getName().equals(vb.getName());

        } else {
            // This isn't a supported type.
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a two element array containing this map's key and value types in positions 0 and 1
     * respectively.
     */
    static Type[] mapKeyAndValueTypes(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType) {
        // Work around a problem with the declaration of java.util.Properties. That class should extend
        // Hashtable<String, String>, but it's declared to extend Hashtable<Object, Object>.
        if (context == Properties.class) return new Type[]{String.class, String.class};

        Type mapType = getSupertype(context, contextRawType, Map.class);
        if (mapType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType mapParameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) mapType;
            return mapParameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments();
        }
        return new Type[]{Object.class, Object.class};
    }

    /**
     * Returns the generic form of {@code supertype}. For example, if this is {@code
     * ArrayList<String>}, this returns {@code Iterable<String>} given the input {@code
     * Iterable.class}.
     *
     * @param supertype a superclass of, or interface implemented by, this.
     */
    static Type getSupertype(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, Class<?> supertype) {
        if (!supertype.isAssignableFrom(contextRawType)) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        return resolve(context, contextRawType,
                getGenericSupertype(context, contextRawType, supertype));
    }

    static Type getGenericSuperclass(Type type) {
        Class<?> rawType = Types.getRawType(type);
        return resolve(type, rawType, rawType.getGenericSuperclass());
    }

    static Type[] getGenericInterfaces(Type type) {
        Class<?> rawType = Types.getRawType(type);
        Type[] interfaces = rawType.getGenericInterfaces();
        Type[] result = new Type[interfaces.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
            result[i] = resolve(type, rawType, interfaces[i]);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the element type of {@code type} if it is an array type, or null if it is not an
     * array type.
     */
    public static Type arrayComponentType(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            return ((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType();
        } else if (type instanceof Class) {
            return ((Class<?>) type).getComponentType();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if {@code rawType} is built in. We don't reflect on private fields of platform
     * types because they're unspecified and likely to be different on Java vs. Android.
     */
    public static boolean isPlatformType(Class<?> rawType) {
        String name = rawType.getName();
        return name.startsWith("android.")
                || name.startsWith("androidx.")
                || name.startsWith("java.")
                || name.startsWith("javax.")
                || name.startsWith("kotlin.")
                || name.startsWith("scala.");
    }

    /**
     * Throws the cause of {@code e}, wrapping it if it is checked.
     */
    public static RuntimeException rethrowCause(InvocationTargetException e) {
        Throwable cause = e.getTargetException();
        if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) throw (RuntimeException) cause;
        if (cause instanceof Error) throw (Error) cause;
        throw new RuntimeException(cause);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a type that is functionally equal but not necessarily equal according to {@link
     * Object#equals(Object) Object.equals()}.
     */
    public static Type canonicalize(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof Class) {
            Class<?> c = (Class<?>) type;
            return c.isArray() ? new GenericArrayTypeImpl(canonicalize(c.getComponentType())) : c;

        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            if (type instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl) return type;
            ParameterizedType p = (ParameterizedType) type;
            return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(p.getOwnerType(),
                    p.getRawType(), p.getActualTypeArguments());

        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            if (type instanceof GenericArrayTypeImpl) return type;
            GenericArrayType g = (GenericArrayType) type;
            return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(g.getGenericComponentType());

        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
            if (type instanceof WildcardTypeImpl) return type;
            WildcardType w = (WildcardType) type;
            return new WildcardTypeImpl(w.getUpperBounds(), w.getLowerBounds());

        } else {
            return type; // This type is unsupported!
        }
    }

    /**
     * If type is a "? extends X" wildcard, returns X; otherwise returns type unchanged.
     */
    static Type removeSubtypeWildcard(Type type) {
        if (!(type instanceof WildcardType)) return type;

        Type[] lowerBounds = ((WildcardType) type).getLowerBounds();
        if (lowerBounds.length != 0) return type;

        Type[] upperBounds = ((WildcardType) type).getUpperBounds();
        if (upperBounds.length != 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();

        return upperBounds[0];
    }

    public static Type resolve(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, Type toResolve) {
        // This implementation is made a little more complicated in an attempt to avoid object-creation.
        while (true) {
            if (toResolve instanceof TypeVariable) {
                TypeVariable<?> typeVariable = (TypeVariable<?>) toResolve;
                toResolve = resolveTypeVariable(context, contextRawType, typeVariable);
                if (toResolve == typeVariable) return toResolve;

            } else if (toResolve instanceof Class && ((Class<?>) toResolve).isArray()) {
                Class<?> original = (Class<?>) toResolve;
                Type componentType = original.getComponentType();
                Type newComponentType = resolve(context, contextRawType, componentType);
                return componentType == newComponentType
                        ? original
                        : arrayOf(newComponentType);

            } else if (toResolve instanceof GenericArrayType) {
                GenericArrayType original = (GenericArrayType) toResolve;
                Type componentType = original.getGenericComponentType();
                Type newComponentType = resolve(context, contextRawType, componentType);
                return componentType == newComponentType
                        ? original
                        : arrayOf(newComponentType);

            } else if (toResolve instanceof ParameterizedType) {
                ParameterizedType original = (ParameterizedType) toResolve;
                Type ownerType = original.getOwnerType();
                Type newOwnerType = resolve(context, contextRawType, ownerType);
                boolean changed = newOwnerType != ownerType;

                Type[] args = original.getActualTypeArguments();
                for (int t = 0, length = args.length; t < length; t++) {
                    Type resolvedTypeArgument = resolve(context, contextRawType, args[t]);
                    if (resolvedTypeArgument != args[t]) {
                        if (!changed) {
                            args = args.clone();
                            changed = true;
                        }
                        args[t] = resolvedTypeArgument;
                    }
                }

                return changed
                        ? new ParameterizedTypeImpl(newOwnerType, original.getRawType(), args)
                        : original;

            } else if (toResolve instanceof WildcardType) {
                WildcardType original = (WildcardType) toResolve;
                Type[] originalLowerBound = original.getLowerBounds();
                Type[] originalUpperBound = original.getUpperBounds();

                if (originalLowerBound.length == 1) {
                    Type lowerBound = resolve(context, contextRawType, originalLowerBound[0]);
                    if (lowerBound != originalLowerBound[0]) {
                        return supertypeOf(lowerBound);
                    }
                } else if (originalUpperBound.length == 1) {
                    Type upperBound = resolve(context, contextRawType, originalUpperBound[0]);
                    if (upperBound != originalUpperBound[0]) {
                        return subtypeOf(upperBound);
                    }
                }
                return original;

            } else {
                return toResolve;
            }
        }
    }

    private static Type resolveTypeVariable(Type context, Class<?> contextRawType, TypeVariable<?> unknown) {
        Class<?> declaredByRaw = declaringClassOf(unknown);

        // We can't reduce this further.
        if (declaredByRaw == null) return unknown;

        Type declaredBy = getGenericSupertype(context, contextRawType, declaredByRaw);
        if (declaredBy instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            int index = indexOf(declaredByRaw.getTypeParameters(), unknown);
            return ((ParameterizedType) declaredBy).getActualTypeArguments()[index];
        }

        return unknown;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the generic supertype for {@code supertype}. For example, given a class {@code
     * IntegerSet}, the result for when supertype is {@code Set.class} is {@code Set<Integer>} and the
     * result when the supertype is {@code Collection.class} is {@code Collection<Integer>}.
     */
    private static Type getGenericSupertype(Type context, Class<?> rawType, Class<?> toResolve) {
        if (toResolve == rawType) {
            return context;
        }

        // we skip searching through interfaces if unknown is an interface
        if (toResolve.isInterface()) {
            Class<?>[] interfaces = rawType.getInterfaces();
            for (int i = 0, length = interfaces.length; i < length; i++) {
                if (interfaces[i] == toResolve) {
                    return rawType.getGenericInterfaces()[i];
                } else if (toResolve.isAssignableFrom(interfaces[i])) {
                    return getGenericSupertype(rawType.getGenericInterfaces()[i], interfaces[i], toResolve);
                }
            }
        }

        // check our supertypes
        if (!rawType.isInterface()) {
            while (rawType != Object.class) {
                Class<?> rawSupertype = rawType.getSuperclass();
                if (rawSupertype == toResolve) {
                    return rawType.getGenericSuperclass();
                } else if (toResolve.isAssignableFrom(rawSupertype)) {
                    return getGenericSupertype(rawType.getGenericSuperclass(), rawSupertype, toResolve);
                }
                rawType = rawSupertype;
            }
        }

        // we can't resolve this further
        return toResolve;
    }

    private static int hashCodeOrZero(Object o) {
        return o != null ? o.hashCode() : 0;
    }

    private static String typeToString(Type type) {
        return type instanceof Class ? ((Class<?>) type).getName() : type.toString();
    }

    private static int indexOf(Object[] array, Object toFind) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            if (toFind.equals(array[i])) return i;
        }
        throw new NoSuchElementException();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the declaring class of {@code typeVariable}, or {@code null} if it was not declared by
     * a class.
     */
    private static Class<?> declaringClassOf(TypeVariable<?> typeVariable) {
        GenericDeclaration genericDeclaration = typeVariable.getGenericDeclaration();
        return genericDeclaration instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) genericDeclaration : null;
    }

    private static void checkNotPrimitive(Type type) {
        if ((type instanceof Class<?>) && ((Class<?>) type).isPrimitive()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected primitive " + type + ". Use the boxed type.");
        }
    }

    static final class ParameterizedTypeImpl implements ParameterizedType {
        private final Type ownerType;
        private final Type rawType;
        final Type[] typeArguments;

        ParameterizedTypeImpl(Type ownerType, Type rawType, Type... typeArguments) {
            // Require an owner type if the raw type needs it.
            if (rawType instanceof Class<?>) {
                Class<?> enclosingClass = ((Class<?>) rawType).getEnclosingClass();
                if (ownerType != null) {
                    if (enclosingClass == null || Types.getRawType(ownerType) != enclosingClass) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                "unexpected owner type for " + rawType + ": " + ownerType);
                    }
                } else if (enclosingClass != null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "unexpected owner type for " + rawType + ": null");
                }
            }

            this.ownerType = ownerType == null ? null : canonicalize(ownerType);
            this.rawType = canonicalize(rawType);
            this.typeArguments = typeArguments.clone();
            for (int t = 0; t < this.typeArguments.length; t++) {
                if (this.typeArguments[t] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(this.typeArguments[t]);
                this.typeArguments[t] = canonicalize(this.typeArguments[t]);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getActualTypeArguments() {
            return typeArguments.clone();
        }

        @Override
        public Type getRawType() {
            return rawType;
        }

        @Override
        public Type getOwnerType() {
            return ownerType;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object other) {
            return other instanceof ParameterizedType
                    && Types.equals(this, (ParameterizedType) other);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return 31 * (31 * hashCodeOrZero(rawType) + hashCodeOrZero(ownerType)) +
                    Arrays.hashCode(typeArguments);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(30 * (typeArguments.length + 1));
            result.append(typeToString(rawType));

            if (typeArguments.length == 0) {
                return result.toString();
            }

            result.append("<").append(typeToString(typeArguments[0]));
            for (int i = 1; i < typeArguments.length; i++) {
                result.append(", ").append(typeToString(typeArguments[i]));
            }
            return result.append(">").toString();
        }
    }

    static final class GenericArrayTypeImpl implements GenericArrayType {
        private final Type componentType;

        GenericArrayTypeImpl(Type componentType) {
            this.componentType = canonicalize(componentType);
        }

        @Override
        public Type getGenericComponentType() {
            return componentType;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            return o instanceof GenericArrayType
                    && Types.equals(this, (GenericArrayType) o);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return componentType.hashCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return typeToString(componentType) + "[]";
        }
    }

    /**
     * The WildcardType interface supports multiple upper bounds and multiple lower bounds. We only
     * support what the Java 6 language needs - at most one bound. If a lower bound is set, the upper
     * bound must be Object.class.
     */
    static final class WildcardTypeImpl implements WildcardType {
        private final Type upperBound;
        private final Type lowerBound;

        WildcardTypeImpl(Type[] upperBounds, Type[] lowerBounds) {
            if (lowerBounds.length > 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            if (upperBounds.length != 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException();

            if (lowerBounds.length == 1) {
                if (lowerBounds[0] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(lowerBounds[0]);
                if (upperBounds[0] != Object.class) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
                this.lowerBound = canonicalize(lowerBounds[0]);
                this.upperBound = Object.class;

            } else {
                if (upperBounds[0] == null) throw new NullPointerException();
                checkNotPrimitive(upperBounds[0]);
                this.lowerBound = null;
                this.upperBound = canonicalize(upperBounds[0]);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getUpperBounds() {
            return new Type[]{upperBound};
        }

        @Override
        public Type[] getLowerBounds() {
            return lowerBound != null ? new Type[]{lowerBound} : EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object other) {
            return other instanceof WildcardType
                    && Types.equals(this, (WildcardType) other);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            // This equals Arrays.hashCode(getLowerBounds()) ^ Arrays.hashCode(getUpperBounds()).
            return (lowerBound != null ? 31 + lowerBound.hashCode() : 1)
                    ^ (31 + upperBound.hashCode());
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            if (lowerBound != null) {
                return "? super " + typeToString(lowerBound);
            } else if (upperBound == Object.class) {
                return "?";
            } else {
                return "? extends " + typeToString(upperBound);
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