Places in code with 6 or more lines that are exactly the same.
Intro
- For duplication, we look at places in code where there are 6 or more lines of code that are exactly the same.
- Before duplication is calculated, the code is cleaned to remove empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports.
- You should aim at having as little as possible (<5%) of duplicated code as high-level of duplication can lead to maintenance difficulties, poor factoring, and logical contradictions.
- To learn more about duplications and techniques for eliminating duplication, Sokrates recommends the following resources:
- Avoid Repetition, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article)
- Refactoring duplicated code, sourcemaking.com
- Beck Design Rules, MartinFowler.com
- DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle, Wikipedia
- The Cut-and-Paste Programming Software Development Anti-Pattern, sourcemaking.com
- Code Smells / Duplicated Code, Jeff Atwood, codinghorror.com:
- "Duplicated code is the bane of software development. Stamp out duplication whenever possible. You should always be on the lookout for more subtle cases of near-duplication, too. Don't Repeat Yourself!"
- Reducing Coupling, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article):
- "There are several ways to describe coupling, but it boils down to this: If changing one module in a program requires changing another module, then coupling exists. ... Duplication always implies coupling, because changing one piece of duplicate code implies changing the other."
Duplication Overall
- 98% duplication:
- 5,787 cleaned lines of cleaned code (without empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports)
- 5,729 duplicated lines
- 2,264 duplicates
Duplication per Extension
Duplication per Component (primary)
Duplication Between Components (50+ lines)
Open 3D force graph...
Show more details on duplication between components...
From Component
--> To Component
Duplicated
Lines
File Pairs
Details
Lab4/server (87%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (75%)
1311
15 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab3 (86%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (71%)
1247
17 file pairs
details...
Lab4/server (83%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (86%)
1246
14 file pairs
details...
Lab3/server (98%)
--> Lab4/server (77%)
1160
13 file pairs
details...
Lab3/server (98%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (80%)
1158
11 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (85%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (91%)
1082
15 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab2 (87%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (72%)
1037
14 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab2 (82%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (55%)
969
16 file pairs
details...
Lab3/server (81%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (55%)
962
13 file pairs
details...
Lab3/server (78%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (77%)
919
11 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab1 (76%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (62%)
904
11 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (96%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (75%)
886
9 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (69%)
--> Lab4/server (58%)
884
11 file pairs
details...
Lab4/server (56%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (71%)
849
13 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (65%)
--> Lab3/server (70%)
836
9 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (90%)
--> Lab3/server (70%)
831
9 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab1 (69%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (47%)
824
13 file pairs
details...
Lab4/server (54%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (68%)
812
10 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (62%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (55%)
800
9 file pairs
details...
Solution/Lab1 (67%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (67%)
798
11 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (83%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (52%)
759
9 file pairs
details...
Lab3/server (63%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (63%)
750
8 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (81%)
--> Lab4/server (49%)
745
11 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (56%)
--> Lab2/server (78%)
717
10 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (55%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (40%)
706
11 file pairs
details...
Lab1/server (54%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (58%)
694
9 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (73%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (38%)
675
11 file pairs
details...
Lab2/server (68%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (53%)
630
9 file pairs
details...
Lab3/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (13%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab4/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (16%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab3/client (98%)
--> Lab4/client (98%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab3/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (16%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab3/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (10%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab3/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (16%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab4/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (13%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab4/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (16%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab4/client (98%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (10%)
190
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (98%)
--> Lab2/client (98%)
180
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Lab3/client (89%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (11%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Lab3/client (89%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (14%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (14%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab3 (11%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (9%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab2 (14%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Lab4/client (89%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab4 (9%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab1/client (94%)
--> Lab4/client (89%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
Lab2/client (94%)
--> Solution/Lab1 (14%)
172
3 file pairs
details...
| From Component --> To Component |
Duplicated Lines |
File Pairs | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lab4/server (87%) --> Solution/Lab4 (75%) |
1311 | 15 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab3 (86%) --> Solution/Lab4 (71%) |
1247 | 17 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/server (83%) --> Solution/Lab3 (86%) |
1246 | 14 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/server (98%) --> Lab4/server (77%) |
1160 | 13 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/server (98%) --> Solution/Lab3 (80%) |
1158 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (85%) --> Solution/Lab1 (91%) |
1082 | 15 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab2 (87%) --> Solution/Lab3 (72%) |
1037 | 14 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab2 (82%) --> Solution/Lab4 (55%) |
969 | 16 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/server (81%) --> Solution/Lab4 (55%) |
962 | 13 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/server (78%) --> Solution/Lab2 (77%) |
919 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab1 (76%) --> Solution/Lab3 (62%) |
904 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (96%) --> Solution/Lab2 (75%) |
886 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (69%) --> Lab4/server (58%) |
884 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/server (56%) --> Solution/Lab2 (71%) |
849 | 13 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (65%) --> Lab3/server (70%) |
836 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (90%) --> Lab3/server (70%) |
831 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab1 (69%) --> Solution/Lab4 (47%) |
824 | 13 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/server (54%) --> Solution/Lab1 (68%) |
812 | 10 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (62%) --> Solution/Lab3 (55%) |
800 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Solution/Lab1 (67%) --> Solution/Lab2 (67%) |
798 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (83%) --> Solution/Lab3 (52%) |
759 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/server (63%) --> Solution/Lab1 (63%) |
750 | 8 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (81%) --> Lab4/server (49%) |
745 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (56%) --> Lab2/server (78%) |
717 | 10 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (55%) --> Solution/Lab4 (40%) |
706 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/server (54%) --> Solution/Lab2 (58%) |
694 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (73%) --> Solution/Lab4 (38%) |
675 | 11 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/server (68%) --> Solution/Lab1 (53%) |
630 | 9 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab3 (13%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab1 (16%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/client (98%) --> Lab4/client (98%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab1 (16%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab4 (10%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab3/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab2 (16%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab3 (13%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab2 (16%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab4/client (98%) --> Solution/Lab4 (10%) |
190 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (98%) --> Lab2/client (98%) |
180 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Lab3/client (89%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab3 (11%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Lab3/client (89%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab2 (14%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab1 (14%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab3 (11%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab4 (9%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab2 (14%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Lab4/client (89%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab4 (9%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab1/client (94%) --> Lab4/client (89%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Lab2/client (94%) --> Solution/Lab1 (14%) |
172 | 3 file pairs | details... |
Longest Duplicates
The list of 20 longest duplicates.
| Size | # | Folders | Files | Lines | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 186 | x 2 | Lab3/serverLab4/server |  saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 186 | x 2 | Lab4/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 186 | x 2 | Lab3/serverSolution/Lab3/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 186 | x 2 | Lab3/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 186 | x 2 | Solution/Lab3/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 186 | x 2 | Lab4/serverSolution/Lab3/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:194 (100%)1:194 (100%) | view |
| 140 | x 2 | Lab4/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-sam-stack.yamlsaas-sam-stack.yaml |
1:140 (100%)1:140 (100%) | view |
| 140 | x 2 | Lab3/serverSolution/Lab3/server | saas-sam-stack.yamlsaas-sam-stack.yaml |
1:140 (100%)1:140 (100%) | view |
| 128 | x 2 | Lab4/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejs |  partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
4:170 (100%)4:170 (100%) | view |
| 106 | x 2 | Cloud9SetupCloud9Setup | saas-cfn-cloud9-stack-eventengine.yamlsaas-cfn-cloud9-stack.yaml |
1:116 (99%)1:116 (100%) | view |
| 98 | x 2 | Lab2/serverSolution/Lab2/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:103 (100%)1:103 (100%) | view |
| 94 | x 2 | Lab1/serverSolution/Lab1/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
1:99 (100%)1:99 (100%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Solution/Lab2/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab2/serverSolution/Lab3/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab2/serverLab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Solution/Lab2/serverSolution/Lab3/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab3/serverSolution/Lab2/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
21:114 (48%)10:103 (91%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab4/serverSolution/Lab2/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
21:114 (48%)10:103 (91%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab2/serverSolution/Lab4/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
| 90 | x 2 | Lab2/serverLab3/server | saas-cfn-stack.yamlsaas-cfn-stack.yaml |
10:103 (91%)21:114 (48%) | view |
Duplicated Units
The list of top 19 duplicated units.
| Size | # | Folders | Files | Lines | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 48 | x 2 | Solution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
69:118 69:118 | view |
| 48 | x 2 | Solution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
122:171 122:171 | view |
| 28 | x 2 | Solution/Lab1/server/order-manager/UtilsLab1/server/order-manager/Utils | helper.jshelper.js |
12:41 12:41 | view |
| 28 | x 8 | Solution/Lab1/server/product-manager/UtilsSolution/Lab3/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab2/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab1/server/product-manager/UtilsLab3/server/layers/nodejsLab2/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | helper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.js |
12:41 12:41 12:41 12:41 12:41 12:41 12:41 12:41 | view |
| 19 | x 2 | Solution/Lab3/server/order-managerLab4/server/order-manager | order-manager-dal.jsorder-manager-dal.js |
32:54 34:56 | view |
| 19 | x 2 | Solution/Lab3/server/product-managerLab4/server/product-manager | product-manager-dal.jsproduct-manager-dal.js |
32:55 34:57 | view |
| 16 | x 2 | Solution/Lab1/server/order-managerLab1/server/order-manager | order-manager-dal.jsorder-manager-dal.js |
31:50 31:50 | view |
| 16 | x 2 | Solution/Lab1/server/product-managerLab1/server/product-manager | product-manager-dal.jsproduct-manager-dal.js |
31:50 31:50 | view |
| 16 | x 2 | Solution/Lab2/server/order-managerLab2/server/order-manager | order-manager-dal.jsorder-manager-dal.js |
31:50 33:52 | view |
| 16 | x 2 | Solution/Lab2/server/product-managerLab2/server/product-manager | product-manager-dal.jsproduct-manager-dal.js |
31:51 33:53 | view |
| 11 | x 8 | Solution/Lab1/clientSolution/Lab3/clientSolution/Lab2/clientSolution/Lab4/clientLab1/clientLab3/clientLab2/clientLab4/client |  product-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.pyproduct-simulator.py |
0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 | view |
| 11 | x 8 | Solution/Lab1/clientSolution/Lab3/clientSolution/Lab2/clientSolution/Lab4/clientLab1/clientLab3/clientLab2/clientLab4/client | order-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.pyorder-simulator.py |
0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 0:0 | view |
| 11 | x 5 | Solution/Lab3/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab2/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab3/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | token-manager.jstoken-manager.jstoken-manager.jstoken-manager.jstoken-manager.js |
11:23 11:23 11:23 11:23 11:23 | view |
| 9 | x 10 | Solution/Lab1/server/order-manager/UtilsSolution/Lab1/server/product-manager/UtilsSolution/Lab3/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab2/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab1/server/order-manager/UtilsLab1/server/product-manager/UtilsLab3/server/layers/nodejsLab2/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | helper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.jshelper.js |
43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 43:53 | view |
| 8 | x 5 | Solution/Lab3/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab2/server/layers/nodejsSolution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab3/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | log-manager.jslog-manager.jslog-manager.jslog-manager.jslog-manager.js |
9:23 9:24 9:23 9:23 9:23 | view |
| 6 | x 3 | Solution/Lab1/server/order-manager/UtilsLab1/server/order-manager/UtilsLab2/server/layers/nodejs | log-manager.jslog-manager.jslog-manager.js |
8:17 8:17 9:21 | view |
| 6 | x 2 | Solution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
58:65 58:65 | view |
| 19 | x 2 | Solution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
33:55 33:55 | view |
| 15 | x 2 | Solution/Lab4/server/layers/nodejsLab4/server/layers/nodejs | partition-manager.jspartition-manager.js |
38:54 38:54 | view |