src/main/java/org/apache/datasketches/pig/kll/DataToSketch.java [213:329]:
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  public static class Initial extends EvalFunc<Tuple> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    public Initial() {}

    /**
     * Constructor with explicit k as string.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Initial(final String kStr) {}

    @Override
    public Tuple exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException {
      return inputTuple;
    }
  }

  // STATIC Intermediate Class only called by Pig

  /**
   * Class used to calculate the intermediate pass of an <i>Algebraic</i> sketch operation.
   * It will receive a bag of values returned by either the <i>Intermediate</i>
   * stage or the <i>Initial</i> stages, so it needs to be able to differentiate between and
   * interpret both types.
   */
  public static class Intermediate extends EvalFunc<Tuple> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    private final int k_;

    /**
     * Default constructor. Assumes default k.
     */
    public Intermediate() {
      this(KllFloatsSketch.DEFAULT_K);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with explicit k as string. Pig will call.
     * this and pass the same constructor arguments as the base UDF.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Intermediate(final String kStr) {
      this(Integer.parseInt(kStr));
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with primitive k.
     *
     * @param k parameter that determines the accuracy and size of the sketch.
     */
    private Intermediate(final int k) {
      this.k_ = k;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("synthetic-access")
    @Override
    public Tuple exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException { //throws is in API
      return TUPLE_FACTORY_.newTuple(process(inputTuple, this.k_));
    }
  }

  // STATIC Final Class only called by Pig

  /**
   * Class used to calculate the final pass of an <i>Algebraic</i> sketch operation.
   * It will receive a bag of values returned by either the <i>Intermediate</i>
   * stage or the <i>Initial</i> stages, so it needs to be able to differentiate between and
   * interpret both types.
   */
  public static class Final extends EvalFunc<DataByteArray> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    private final int k_;

    /**
     * Default constructor. Assumes default k.
     */
    public Final() {
      this(KllFloatsSketch.DEFAULT_K);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with explicit k as string. Pig will call
     * this and pass the same constructor arguments as the base UDF.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Final(final String kStr) {
      this(Integer.parseInt(kStr));
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with primitive k.
     *
     * @param k parameter that determines the accuracy and size of the sketch.
     */
    private Final(final int k) {
      this.k_ = k;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("synthetic-access")
    @Override
    public DataByteArray exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException {
      return process(inputTuple, this.k_);
    }
  }

  private static DataByteArray process(final Tuple inputTuple, final int k) throws IOException {
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src/main/java/org/apache/datasketches/pig/kll/UnionSketch.java [227:342]:
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  public static class Initial extends EvalFunc<Tuple> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    public Initial() {}

    /**
     * Constructor for the initial pass of an Algebraic function. Pig will call this and pass the
     * same constructor arguments as the base UDF. In this case the arguments are ignored.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Initial(final String kStr) {}

    @Override
    public Tuple exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException {
      return inputTuple;
    }
  }

  // STATIC Intermediate Class only called by Pig

  /**
   * Class used to calculate the intermediate pass of an <i>Algebraic</i> union operation.
   * It will receive a bag of values returned by either the <i>Intermediate</i>
   * stage or the <i>Initial</i> stages, so it needs to be able to differentiate between and
   * interpret both types.
   */
  public static class Intermediate extends EvalFunc<Tuple> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and final parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    private final int k_;

    /**
     * Default constructor. Assumes default k.
     */
    public Intermediate() {
      this(KllFloatsSketch.DEFAULT_K);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with explicit k as string.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Intermediate(final String kStr) {
      this(Integer.parseInt(kStr));
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with primitive k.
     *
     * @param k parameter that determines the accuracy and size of the sketch.
     */
    private Intermediate(final int k) {
      this.k_ = k;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("synthetic-access")
    @Override
    public Tuple exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException {
      return TUPLE_FACTORY_.newTuple(process(inputTuple, this.k_));
    }
  }

  // STATIC Final Class only called by Pig

  /**
   * Class used to calculate the final pass of an <i>Algebraic</i> union operation.
   * It will receive a bag of values returned by either the <i>Intermediate</i>
   * stage or the <i>Initial</i> stages, so it needs to be able to differentiate between and
   * interpret both types.
   */
  public static class Final extends EvalFunc<DataByteArray> {
    // The Algebraic worker classes (Initial, Intermediate and Final) are static and stateless.
    // The constructors and final parameters must mirror the parent class as there is no linkage
    // between them.
    private final int k_;

    /**
     * Default constructor. Assumes default k.
     */
    public Final() {
      this(KllFloatsSketch.DEFAULT_K);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with explicit k as string.
     *
     * @param kStr string representation of k
     */
    public Final(final String kStr) {
      this(Integer.parseInt(kStr));
    }

    /**
     * Constructor with primitive k.
     *
     * @param k parameter that determines the accuracy and size of the sketch.
     */
    private Final(final int k) {
      this.k_ = k;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("synthetic-access")
    @Override
    public DataByteArray exec(final Tuple inputTuple) throws IOException {
      return process(inputTuple, this.k_);
    }
  }

  private static DataByteArray process(final Tuple inputTuple, final int k) throws IOException {
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