tools/ami-creator/scripts/win2019_cuda114_installer.py [56:226]:
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    'perl': 'http://strawberryperl.com/download/5.30.1.1/strawberry-perl-5.30.1.1-64bit.msi',
    'clang': 'https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/releases/download/llvmorg-9.0.1/LLVM-9.0.1-win64.exe',
}

DEFAULT_SUBPROCESS_TIMEOUT = 3600


@contextlib.contextmanager
def remember_cwd():
    '''
    Restore current directory when exiting context
    '''
    curdir = os.getcwd()
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        os.chdir(curdir)


def retry(target_exception, tries=4, delay_s=1, backoff=2):
    """Retry calling the decorated function using an exponential backoff.

    http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2009/11/trying-out-retry-decorator-python/
    original from: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Retry

    :param target_exception: the exception to check. may be a tuple of
        exceptions to check
    :type target_exception: Exception or tuple
    :param tries: number of times to try (not retry) before giving up
    :type tries: int
    :param delay_s: initial delay between retries in seconds
    :type delay_s: int
    :param backoff: backoff multiplier e.g. value of 2 will double the delay
        each retry
    :type backoff: int
    """
    import time
    from functools import wraps

    def decorated_retry(f):
        @wraps(f)
        def f_retry(*args, **kwargs):
            mtries, mdelay = tries, delay_s
            while mtries > 1:
                try:
                    return f(*args, **kwargs)
                except target_exception as e:
                    logging.warning("Exception: %s, Retrying in %d seconds...", str(e), mdelay)
                    time.sleep(mdelay)
                    mtries -= 1
                    mdelay *= backoff
            return f(*args, **kwargs)

        return f_retry  # true decorator

    return decorated_retry


@retry((ValueError, OSError, HTTPError), tries=5, delay_s=2, backoff=5)
def download(url, dest=None, progress=False) -> str:
    from urllib.request import urlopen
    from urllib.parse import (urlparse, urlunparse)
    import progressbar
    import http.client

    class ProgressCB():
        def __init__(self):
            self.pbar = None

        def __call__(self, block_num, block_size, total_size):
            if not self.pbar and total_size > 0:
                self.pbar = progressbar.bar.ProgressBar(max_value=total_size)
            downloaded = block_num * block_size
            if self.pbar:
                if downloaded < total_size:
                    self.pbar.update(downloaded)
                else:
                    self.pbar.finish()
    if dest and os.path.isdir(dest):
        local_file = os.path.split(urlparse(url).path)[1]
        local_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dest, local_file))
    else:
        local_path = dest
    with urlopen(url) as c:
        content_length = c.getheader('content-length')
        length = int(content_length) if content_length and isinstance(c, http.client.HTTPResponse) else None
        if length and local_path and os.path.exists(local_path) and os.stat(local_path).st_size == length:
            log.debug(f"download('{url}'): Already downloaded.")
            return local_path
    log.debug(f"download({url}, {local_path}): downloading {length} bytes")
    if local_path:
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False) as tmpfd:
            urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filename=tmpfd.name, reporthook=ProgressCB() if progress else None)
            shutil.move(tmpfd.name, local_path)
    else:
        (local_path, _) = urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, reporthook=ProgressCB())
    log.debug(f"download({url}, {local_path}'): done.")
    return local_path


# Takes arguments and runs command on host.  Shell is disabled by default.
# TODO: Move timeout to args
def run_command(*args, shell=False, timeout=DEFAULT_SUBPROCESS_TIMEOUT, **kwargs):
    try:
        logging.info("Issuing command: {}".format(args))
        res = subprocess.check_output(*args, shell=shell, timeout=timeout).decode("utf-8").replace("\r\n", "\n")
        logging.info("Output: {}".format(res))
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        raise RuntimeError("command '{}' return with error (code {}): {}".format(e.cmd, e.returncode, e.output))
    return res


# Copies source directory recursively to destination.
def copy(src, dest):
    try:
        shutil.copytree(src, dest)
        logging.info("Moved {} to {}".format(src, dest))
    except OSError as e:
        # If the error was caused because the source wasn't a directory
        if e.errno == errno.ENOTDIR:
            shutil.copy(src, dest)
            logging.info("Moved {} to {}".format(src, dest))
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("copy return with error: {}".format(e))


# Workaround for windows readonly attribute error
def on_rm_error(func, path, exc_info):
    # path contains the path of the file that couldn't be removed
    # let's just assume that it's read-only and unlink it.
    os.chmod(path, stat.S_IWRITE)
    os.unlink(path)


def reboot_system():
    logging.info("Rebooting system now...")
    run_command("shutdown -r -t 5")
    exit(0)


def shutdown_system():
    logging.info("Shutting down system now...")
    # wait 20 sec so we can capture the install logs
    run_command("shutdown -s -t 20")
    exit(0)

def install_vs():
    if os.path.exists("C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019"):
        logging.info("MSVS already installed, skipping.")
        return False
    # Visual Studio 2019
    # Components: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/install/workload-component-id-vs-community?view=vs-2019#visual-studio-core-editor-included-with-visual-studio-community-2019
    logging.info("Installing Visual Studio 2019...")
    vs_file_path = download('https://windows-post-install.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/vs_community__1246179388.1585201415.exe')
    run_command("PowerShell Rename-Item -Path {} -NewName \"{}.exe\"".format(vs_file_path,
                                                                             vs_file_path.split('\\')[-1]), shell=True)
    vs_file_path = vs_file_path + '.exe'
    logging.info("Installing VisualStudio 2019.....")
    ret = call(vs_file_path +
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.ManagedDesktop'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NetCoreTools'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NetWeb'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Node'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Office'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.TypeScript.2.0'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.TestTools.WebLoadTest'
               ' --add Component.GitHub.VisualStudio'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.NativeDesktop.Core'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Static.Analysis.Tools'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.CMake.Project'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.140'
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tools/ami-creator/scripts/win2019_cuda11_installer.py [57:225]:
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    'perl': 'http://strawberryperl.com/download/5.30.1.1/strawberry-perl-5.30.1.1-64bit.msi',
    'clang': 'https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/releases/download/llvmorg-9.0.1/LLVM-9.0.1-win64.exe',
}

DEFAULT_SUBPROCESS_TIMEOUT = 3600


@contextlib.contextmanager
def remember_cwd():
    '''
    Restore current directory when exiting context
    '''
    curdir = os.getcwd()
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        os.chdir(curdir)


def retry(target_exception, tries=4, delay_s=1, backoff=2):
    """Retry calling the decorated function using an exponential backoff.

    http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2009/11/trying-out-retry-decorator-python/
    original from: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Retry

    :param target_exception: the exception to check. may be a tuple of
        exceptions to check
    :type target_exception: Exception or tuple
    :param tries: number of times to try (not retry) before giving up
    :type tries: int
    :param delay_s: initial delay between retries in seconds
    :type delay_s: int
    :param backoff: backoff multiplier e.g. value of 2 will double the delay
        each retry
    :type backoff: int
    """
    import time
    from functools import wraps

    def decorated_retry(f):
        @wraps(f)
        def f_retry(*args, **kwargs):
            mtries, mdelay = tries, delay_s
            while mtries > 1:
                try:
                    return f(*args, **kwargs)
                except target_exception as e:
                    logging.warning("Exception: %s, Retrying in %d seconds...", str(e), mdelay)
                    time.sleep(mdelay)
                    mtries -= 1
                    mdelay *= backoff
            return f(*args, **kwargs)

        return f_retry  # true decorator

    return decorated_retry


@retry((ValueError, OSError, HTTPError), tries=5, delay_s=2, backoff=5)
def download(url, dest=None, progress=False) -> str:
    from urllib.request import urlopen
    from urllib.parse import (urlparse, urlunparse)
    import progressbar
    import http.client

    class ProgressCB():
        def __init__(self):
            self.pbar = None

        def __call__(self, block_num, block_size, total_size):
            if not self.pbar and total_size > 0:
                self.pbar = progressbar.bar.ProgressBar(max_value=total_size)
            downloaded = block_num * block_size
            if self.pbar:
                if downloaded < total_size:
                    self.pbar.update(downloaded)
                else:
                    self.pbar.finish()
    if dest and os.path.isdir(dest):
        local_file = os.path.split(urlparse(url).path)[1]
        local_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dest, local_file))
    else:
        local_path = dest
    with urlopen(url) as c:
        content_length = c.getheader('content-length')
        length = int(content_length) if content_length and isinstance(c, http.client.HTTPResponse) else None
        if length and local_path and os.path.exists(local_path) and os.stat(local_path).st_size == length:
            log.debug(f"download('{url}'): Already downloaded.")
            return local_path
    log.debug(f"download({url}, {local_path}): downloading {length} bytes")
    if local_path:
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False) as tmpfd:
            urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filename=tmpfd.name, reporthook=ProgressCB() if progress else None)
            shutil.move(tmpfd.name, local_path)
    else:
        (local_path, _) = urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, reporthook=ProgressCB())
    log.debug(f"download({url}, {local_path}'): done.")
    return local_path


# Takes arguments and runs command on host.  Shell is disabled by default.
# TODO: Move timeout to args
def run_command(*args, shell=False, timeout=DEFAULT_SUBPROCESS_TIMEOUT, **kwargs):
    try:
        logging.info("Issuing command: {}".format(args))
        res = subprocess.check_output(*args, shell=shell, timeout=timeout).decode("utf-8").replace("\r\n", "\n")
        logging.info("Output: {}".format(res))
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        raise RuntimeError("command '{}' return with error (code {}): {}".format(e.cmd, e.returncode, e.output))
    return res


# Copies source directory recursively to destination.
def copy(src, dest):
    try:
        shutil.copytree(src, dest)
        logging.info("Moved {} to {}".format(src, dest))
    except OSError as e:
        # If the error was caused because the source wasn't a directory
        if e.errno == errno.ENOTDIR:
            shutil.copy(src, dest)
            logging.info("Moved {} to {}".format(src, dest))
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("copy return with error: {}".format(e))


# Workaround for windows readonly attribute error
def on_rm_error(func, path, exc_info):
    # path contains the path of the file that couldn't be removed
    # let's just assume that it's read-only and unlink it.
    os.chmod(path, stat.S_IWRITE)
    os.unlink(path)

def reboot_system():
    logging.info("Rebooting system now...")
    run_command("shutdown -r -t 5")
    exit(0)

def shutdown_system():
    logging.info("Shutting down system now...")
    # wait 20 sec so we can capture the install logs
    run_command("shutdown -s -t 20")
    exit(0)

def install_vs():
    if os.path.exists("C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019"):
        logging.info("MSVS already installed, skipping.")
        return False
    # Visual Studio 2019
    # Components: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/install/workload-component-id-vs-community?view=vs-2019#visual-studio-core-editor-included-with-visual-studio-community-2019
    logging.info("Installing Visual Studio 2019...")
    vs_file_path = download('https://windows-post-install.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/vs_community__1246179388.1585201415.exe')
    run_command("PowerShell Rename-Item -Path {} -NewName \"{}.exe\"".format(vs_file_path,
                                                                             vs_file_path.split('\\')[-1]), shell=True)
    vs_file_path = vs_file_path + '.exe'
    logging.info("Installing VisualStudio 2019.....")
    ret = call(vs_file_path +
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.ManagedDesktop'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NetCoreTools'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NetWeb'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Node'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Office'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.TypeScript.2.0'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.TestTools.WebLoadTest'
               ' --add Component.GitHub.VisualStudio'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.NativeDesktop.Core'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Static.Analysis.Tools'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.CMake.Project'
               ' --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.140'
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