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import logging
import typing
from contextlib import contextmanager
from typing import Any, Iterator, Mapping, Optional, Sequence

from opentelemetry import trace as trace_api
from opentelemetry.sdk import trace as oteltrace
from opentelemetry.trace import Context, Link, SpanKind
from opentelemetry.trace.propagation import _SPAN_KEY
from opentelemetry.trace.status import Status, StatusCode
from opentelemetry.util import types

import elasticapm
from elasticapm import Client
from elasticapm.traces import execution_context

from . import context as context_api
from .span import Span
from .utils import get_span_kind, get_traceparent

logger = logging.getLogger("elasticapm.otel")


class Tracer(oteltrace.Tracer):
    """
    Handles span creation and in-process context propagation.
    This class provides methods for manipulating the context, creating spans,
    and controlling spans' lifecycles.
    """

    def __init__(
        self, *args, elasticapm_client: Optional[Client] = None, config: Optional[Mapping] = None, **kwargs
    ) -> None:  # type: ignore
        self.client = elasticapm_client
        if not self.client:
            self.client = elasticapm.get_client()
        if not self.client:
            self.client = elasticapm.Client(config=config)
        if self.client.config.instrument and self.client.config.enabled:
            elasticapm.instrument()

    def start_span(
        self,
        name: str,
        context: Optional[Context] = None,
        kind: SpanKind = SpanKind.INTERNAL,
        attributes: types.Attributes = None,
        links: Optional[Sequence[Link]] = None,
        start_time: Optional[int] = None,
        record_exception: bool = True,
        set_status_on_exception: bool = True,
    ) -> "Span":
        """
        Starts a span.
        Create a new span. Start the span without setting it as the current
        span in the context. To start the span and use the context in a single
        method, see :meth:`start_as_current_span`.
        By default the current span in the context will be used as parent, but an
        explicit context can also be specified, by passing in a `Context` containing
        a current `Span`. If there is no current span in the global `Context` or in
        the specified context, the created span will be a root span.
        The span can be used as a context manager. On exiting the context manager,
        the span's end() method will be called.
        Example::
            # trace.get_current_span() will be used as the implicit parent.
            # If none is found, the created span will be a root instance.
            with tracer.start_span("one") as child:
                child.add_event("child's event")
        Args:
            name: The name of the span to be created.
            context: An optional Context containing the span's parent. Defaults to the
                global context.
            kind: The span's kind (relationship to parent). Note that is
                meaningful even if there is no parent.
            attributes: The span's attributes.
            links: Links span to other spans (ignored in this bridge)
            start_time: Sets the start time of a span
            record_exception: Whether to record any exceptions raised within the
                context as error event on the span. (ignored in this bridge)
            set_status_on_exception: Only relevant if the returned span is used
                in a with/context manager. Defines wether the span status will
                be automatically set to ERROR when an uncaught exception is
                raised in the span with block. The span status won't be set by
                this mechanism if it was previously set manually.
        Returns:
            The newly-created span.
        """
        if not record_exception:
            logger.warning("record_exception was set to False, but exceptions will still be recorded for this span.")

        parent_span_context = trace_api.get_current_span(context).get_span_context()
        if parent_span_context is not None and not isinstance(parent_span_context, trace_api.SpanContext):
            raise TypeError("parent_span_context must be a SpanContext or None.")
        traceparent = get_traceparent(parent_span_context)

        span = None
        current_transaction = execution_context.get_transaction()
        client = self.client

        elastic_links = tuple(get_traceparent(link.context) for link in links) if links else None
        if traceparent and current_transaction:
            logger.warning(
                "Remote context included when a transaction was already active. "
                "Ignoring remote context and creating a Span instead."
            )
        elif traceparent:
            elastic_span = client.begin_transaction(
                "otel", trace_parent=traceparent, start=start_time, auto_activate=False, links=elastic_links
            )
            span = Span(
                name=name,
                elastic_span=elastic_span,
                set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
                client=self.client,
            )
            span.set_attributes(attributes)
        elif not current_transaction:
            elastic_span = client.begin_transaction("otel", start=start_time, auto_activate=False, links=elastic_links)
            span = Span(
                name=name,
                elastic_span=elastic_span,
                set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
                client=self.client,
            )
            span.set_attributes(attributes)
        else:
            elastic_span = current_transaction.begin_span(
                name, "otel", start=start_time, auto_activate=False, links=elastic_links
            )
            span = Span(
                name=name,
                elastic_span=elastic_span,
                set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
                client=self.client,
            )
            span.set_attributes(attributes)
        spankind = get_span_kind(kind)
        elastic_span.context["otel_spankind"] = spankind

        return span

    @contextmanager  # type: ignore
    def start_as_current_span(
        self,
        name: str,
        context: Optional[Context] = None,
        kind: SpanKind = SpanKind.INTERNAL,
        attributes: types.Attributes = None,
        links: Optional[Sequence[Link]] = None,
        start_time: Optional[int] = None,
        record_exception: bool = True,
        set_status_on_exception: bool = True,
        end_on_exit: bool = True,
    ) -> Iterator["Span"]:
        """
        Context manager for creating a new span and set it
        as the current span in this tracer's context.
        Exiting the context manager will call the span's end method,
        as well as return the current span to its previous value by
        returning to the previous context.
        Example::
            with tracer.start_as_current_span("one") as parent:
                parent.add_event("parent's event")
                with trace.start_as_current_span("two") as child:
                    child.add_event("child's event")
                    trace.get_current_span()  # returns child
                trace.get_current_span()      # returns parent
            trace.get_current_span()          # returns previously active span
        This is a convenience method for creating spans attached to the
        tracer's context. Applications that need more control over the span
        lifetime should use :meth:`start_span` instead. For example::
            with tracer.start_as_current_span(name) as span:
                do_work()
        is equivalent to::
            span = tracer.start_span(name)
            with opentelemetry.trace.use_span(span, end_on_exit=True):
                do_work()
        Args:
            name: The name of the span to be created.
            context: An optional Context containing the span's parent. Defaults to the
                global context.
            kind: The span's kind (relationship to parent). Note that is
                meaningful even if there is no parent.
            attributes: The span's attributes.
            links: Links span to other spans (ignored in this bridge)
            start_time: Sets the start time of a span
            record_exception: Whether to record any exceptions raised within the
                context as error event on the span. (ignored in this bridge)
            set_status_on_exception: Only relevant if the returned span is used
                in a with/context manager. Defines wether the span status will
                be automatically set to ERROR when an uncaught exception is
                raised in the span with block. The span status won't be set by
                this mechanism if it was previously set manually.
            end_on_exit: Whether to end the span automatically when leaving the
                context manager.
        Yields:
            The newly-created span.
        """
        span = self.start_span(
            name=name,
            context=context,
            kind=kind,
            attributes=attributes,
            links=links,
            start_time=start_time,
            record_exception=record_exception,
            set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
        )
        with use_span(
            span,
            end_on_exit=end_on_exit,
            record_exception=record_exception,
            set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
        ) as activated_span:
            yield activated_span


def get_tracer(
    instrumenting_module_name: str,
    instrumenting_library_version: typing.Optional[str] = None,
    tracer_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
    schema_url: Optional[str] = None,
    elasticapm_client: Optional[Client] = None,
    config: Optional[Mapping] = None,
) -> "Tracer":
    """
    Returns the Elastic-wrapped Tracer object which allows for span creation

    Args:
        instrumenting_module_name:  The name of the instrumenting module
            (usually just `__name__`)

    All other args are ignored in this implementation.
    """
    return Tracer(instrumenting_module_name, elasticapm_client=elasticapm_client, config=config)


def set_tracer_provider(tracer_provider: Any) -> None:
    """
    No-op to match opentelemetry's `trace` module
    """
    return None


def get_tracer_provider() -> None:
    """
    Not implemented by otel bridge
    """
    raise NotImplementedError()


@contextmanager
def use_span(
    span: Span,
    end_on_exit: bool = False,
    record_exception: bool = True,
    set_status_on_exception: bool = None,
) -> None:
    """
    Takes a non-active span and activates it in the current context.
    """
    if set_status_on_exception is None:
        set_status_on_exception = span.set_status_on_exception
    if set_status_on_exception is None:
        # Default if it's not set in the span or in this context manager
        set_status_on_exception = True
    context_api.attach(context_api.set_value(_SPAN_KEY, span))
    try:
        yield span
    except Exception as exc:
        if record_exception:
            elasticapm.get_client().capture_exception(handled=False)
        if set_status_on_exception:
            span.set_status(
                Status(
                    status_code=StatusCode.ERROR,
                    description=f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
                )
            )
        raise
    finally:
        if end_on_exit:
            span.end()
        else:
            # Spans auto-detach when they end.
            context_api.detach()