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（风拂过的声音）
(wind swiping sound)

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- [讲师] 在终端中使用 Python 调试器。
- [Instructor] Using the Python debugger in a terminal.

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在本视频中，我们将学习如何使用 Python 调试器
In this video, we'll learn how to use a Python debugger

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在一个终端。
in a terminal.

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对于这个例子，我们正在运行代码
For this example, we're running code

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从令牌分类部分，
from the token classification section,

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下载 Conll 数据集
downloading the Conll dataset

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在加载标记器以对其进行预处理之前。
before loading a tokenizer to pre-process it.

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查看下面的课程链接部分
Check out the section of the course link below

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了解更多信息。
for more information.

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一旦完成，
Once this is done,

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我们尝试将一些功能组合在一起
we try to batch together some features

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通过填充训练数据集
of the training dataset by padding them

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并返回一个张量。
and returning a tensor.

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如果我们尝试在终端中执行我们的脚本
If we try to execute our scripts in a terminal

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我们得到一个错误。
we get an error.

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请注意，我们在这里使用 PyTorch
Note that we use PyTorch here

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我们返回张量等于可惜。
we return tensors equal pity.

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但是你会在 TensorFlow 中遇到同样的错误。
But you would get the same error with TensorFlow.

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正如我们在 “如何调试错误？” 中看到的那样视频，
As we have seen in the, 'How to debug an error?' video,

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原始消息在最后，它表明我们
The raw message is at the end and it indicates we

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应该使用配对，我们实际上正在尝试这样做。
should use pairing, which we're actually trying to do.

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所以这没有用，我们需要更深入一点
So this is not useful and we need to go little deeper

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调试问题。
to debug the problem.

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幸运的是，你可以很容易地使用 Python 调试器
Fortunately, you can use the Python debugger quite easily

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在终端中通过使用 Python -m PDB 启动脚本
in a terminal by launching your script with Python -m PDB

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然后是训练脚本的名称。
and then the name of the training script.

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执行该评论时，你将被发送
When executing that comment, you are sent

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到脚本的第一条指令。
to the first instruction of your script.

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你可以通过键入 N 并回车来运行下一条指令。
You can run just the next instruction by typing N and enter.

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或者你可以通过键入 C 并回车直接继续归零。
Or you can continue directly to zero by typing C and enter.

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一旦到了那里，你就会走到最底层
Once there, you go to the very bottom

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回溯，你可以键入命令。
of the traceback and you can type commands.

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你应该学习的前两个命令是 U 和 D，
The first two commands you should learn are U and D,

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对于上下。
for up and down.

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这允许你在回溯中上下移动。
This allows you to get up and down in the traceback.

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上升两次，我们到达了错误发生的地步。
Going up twice, we get to the point the error was reached.

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要学习的第一个命令是 P，表示打印。
The first command to learn is P for print.

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它允许你打印任何你想要的值。
It allows you to print any value you want.

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例如，这里我们可以看到 return_tensors 的值
For instance, here we can see the value of return_tensors

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或 batch_outputs 试图了解触发零的原因。
or batch_outputs to try to understand what triggered zero.

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批量输出字典有点难看
The batch outputs dictionary is a bit hard to see

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因此，让我们深入研究它的较小部分。
so let's dive into smaller pieces of it.

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在调试器内部，你不仅可以打印任何变量
Inside the debugger, you can not only print any variable

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还要评估任何表达式，
but also evaluate any expression,

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所以我们可以独立地查看输入。
so we can look independently at the inputs.

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还有标签。
Also labels.

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这些标签肯定很奇怪。
Those labels are definitely weird.

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它们有各种尺寸，我们可以确认
They are various size, which we can confirm

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通过使用释放压缩打印站点。
by printing the sites using a release compression.

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难怪分词器无法创建
No wonder the tokenizer wasn't able to create

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与他们的张量。
a tensor with them.

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这是因为 pad 方法只关心
This is because the pad method only takes care

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分词器的输出、输入 ID、注意掩码
of the tokenizer outputs, the input IDs, the attention mask

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和令牌类型 ID。
and the token type IDs.

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所以我们必须自己填充关卡
So we have to pad the level ourselves

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在尝试与他们一起创建新传感器之前。
before trying to create a new sensor with them.

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一旦你准备好执行 Python 调试器，
Once you're ready to execute the Python debugger,

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你可以按 Q 退出并进入。
you can press Q for quit and enter.

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我们可以通过另一种方式访问 Python 调试器，
Another way we can access the Python debugger,

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是在我们的脚本中设置一个断点。
is to put a breaking point in our script.

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我们可以使用 PDB 中的 set_trace 方法来做到这一点。
We can do this using the PDB that set_trace method.

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只要我们导入 PDB 模块
As long as we import the PDB module

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在我们脚本的开头。
at the beginning of our script.

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保存并重新启动我们的脚本，仅使用 Python。
Saving and then relaunching our script, with just Python.

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我们将在我们设置的断点处停止执行。
We'll stop the execution at the breaking point we set.

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我们可以检查所有变量
We can inspect all the variable

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在再次执行下一条指令之前。
before the next instruction is executed again.

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例如，这里的功能。
For instance, here, the features.

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输入 N 并回车执行下一条指令
Typing N and enter execute the next instruction

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这将我们带回到回溯中。
which takes us back inside traceback.

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当要手动修复零是
When going to fix zero manually is to

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将所有标签填充到最长。
pad all the labels to the longest.

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另一种方法是使用合适的数据创建器
Another way is to use the data creator suitable

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用于令牌分类。
for token classification.

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如果你想学习如何使用 Python
If you want to learn how to use the Python

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笔记本中的调试器，查看下面链接中的视频。
debugger in a notebook, check out the video in link below.

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（风拂过的声音）
(wind swiping sound)