public override void AnalyzePortableExecutableAndPdb()

in src/BinSkim.Rules/PERules/BA2006.BuildWithSecureTools.cs [84:300]


        public override void AnalyzePortableExecutableAndPdb(BinaryAnalyzerContext context)
        {
            PEBinary target = context.PEBinary();
            Pdb pdb = target.Pdb;

            /*
             * This is disabled for now. It's not clear that we can
             * actually detect when a binary is compiled with a version
             * of csc.exe that is too stale. The reasons are twofold:
             * 1) Older versions of csc.exe did not version the version
             *    data that is persisted to the PE. i.e., '48.0' was
             *    emitted for numerous versions of the compiler.
             * 2) Our PDB reader does not current appear able to crack
             *    PDBs generated by the older C# compilers. Needs to
             *    be investigated.
            if (target.PE.IsManaged && !target.PE.IsMixedMode)
            {
                AnalyzeManagedPE(context);
            }
            */

            Version minCompilerVersion;

            var goodCompilers = new HashSet<string>();

            var badModules = new List<ObjectModuleDetails>();
            StringToVersionMap allowedLibraries = context.Policy.GetProperty(AllowedLibraries);

            var languageToBadModules = new Dictionary<Language, List<ObjectModuleDetails>>();

            foreach (DisposableEnumerableView<Symbol> omView in pdb.CreateObjectModuleIterator())
            {
                Symbol om = omView.Value;
                ObjectModuleDetails omDetails = om.GetObjectModuleDetails();

                if (omDetails.WellKnownCompiler != WellKnownCompilers.MicrosoftC &&
                    omDetails.WellKnownCompiler != WellKnownCompilers.MicrosoftCxx)
                {
                    // TODO: MikeFan (1/6/2022)
                    // We need to take a step back and comprehensively review our compiler/language support.
                    // https://github.com/Microsoft/binskim/issues/114
                    continue;
                }

                switch (omDetails.Language)
                {
                    case Language.LINK:
                    {
                        continue;
                    }

                    case Language.C:
                    case Language.Cxx:
                    {
                        minCompilerVersion = (target.PE?.IsXBox == true)
                            ? context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[MIN_XBOX_COMPILER_VER]
                            : context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[nameof(Language.C)];
                        break;
                    }

                    /*
                    TODO: MikeFan (1/6/2022)
                    We need to take a step back and comprehensively review our compiler/language support.
                    https://github.com/Microsoft/binskim/issues/114

                    case Language.MASM:
                    {
                        minCompilerVersion =
                            context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[nameof(Language.MASM)];
                        break;
                    }

                    case Language.CVTRES:
                    {
                        minCompilerVersion =
                            context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[nameof(Language.CVTRES)];
                        break;
                    }

                    case Language.CSharp:
                    {
                        minCompilerVersion =
                            context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[nameof(Language.CSharp)];
                        break;
                    }

                    Language data is not always included if it is only compiled with SymTagCompiland without SymTagCompilandDetails
                    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/debugger/debug-interface-access/compilanddetails?view=vs-2022
                    Compiland information is split between symbols with a SymTagCompiland tag (low detail)
                    and a SymTagCompilandDetails tag (high detail).
                    case Language.Unknown:
                    {
                        minCompilerVersion =
                            context.Policy.GetProperty(MinimumToolVersions)[nameof(Language.Unknown)];
                        break;
                    }
                    */

                    default:
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                // See if the item is in our skip list
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(om.Lib))
                {
                    string libFileName = string.Concat(System.IO.Path.GetFileName(om.Lib), ",", omDetails.Language.ToString()).ToLowerInvariant();

                    if (allowedLibraries.TryGetValue(libFileName, out Version minAllowedVersion) &&
                        omDetails.CompilerBackEndVersion >= minAllowedVersion)
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                Version actualVersion;
                Version minimumVersion = minCompilerVersion;
                Language omLanguage = omDetails.Language;
                switch (omLanguage)
                {
                    case Language.C:
                    case Language.Cxx:
                    {
                        actualVersion = Minimum(omDetails.CompilerBackEndVersion, omDetails.CompilerFrontEndVersion);
                        break;
                    }

                    case Language.LINK:
                    case Language.MASM:
                    case Language.CVTRES:
                    {
                        actualVersion = omDetails.CompilerBackEndVersion;
                        break;
                    }

                    default:
                        continue;
                }

                bool foundIssue = actualVersion < minimumVersion;

                AdvancedMitigations advancedMitigations = context.Policy.GetProperty(AdvancedMitigationsEnforced);
                if (!foundIssue &&
                    target.PE != null &&
                    (advancedMitigations & AdvancedMitigations.Spectre) == AdvancedMitigations.Spectre)
                {
                    var machineType = (ExtendedMachine)target.PE.Machine;

                    // Current toolchain is within the version range to validate.
                    // Now we'll retrieve relevant compiler mitigation details to
                    // ensure this object module's build and revision meet
                    // expectations.
                    CompilerMitigations newMitigationData =
                        EnableSpectreMitigations.GetAvailableMitigations(context, machineType, actualVersion);

                    // Current compiler version does not support Spectre mitigations.
                    foundIssue = !newMitigationData.HasFlag(CompilerMitigations.D2GuardSpecLoadAvailable)
                                 && !newMitigationData.HasFlag(CompilerMitigations.QSpectreAvailable);

                    if (foundIssue)
                    {
                        // Get the closest compiler version that has mitigations--i.e. if the user is using a 19.0 (VS2015) compiler, we should be recommending an upgrade to the
                        // 19.0 version that has the mitigations, not an upgrade to a 19.10+ (VS2017) compiler.
                        // Limitation--if there are multiple 'upgrade to' versions to recommend, this just going to give users the last one we see in the error.
                        minCompilerVersion = EnableSpectreMitigations.GetClosestCompilerVersionWithSpectreMitigations(context, machineType, actualVersion);

                        // Indicates Spectre mitigations are not supported on this platform.  We won't flag this case.
                        if (minCompilerVersion == null)
                        {
                            foundIssue = false;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (foundIssue)
                {
                    badModules.Add(omDetails);
                }
                else
                {
                    goodCompilers.Add(BuildCompilerIdentifier(omDetails));
                }
            }

            if (badModules.Count != 0)
            {
                string badModulesText = badModules.CreateOutputCoalescedByCompiler();
                string minimumRequiredCompilers = BuildMinimumCompilersList(context, languageToBadModules);

                // '{0}' was compiled with one or more modules which were not built using
                // minimum required tool versions ({1}). More recent toolchains
                // contain mitigations that make it more difficult for an attacker to exploit
                // vulnerabilities in programs they produce. To resolve this issue, compile
                // and /or link your binary with more recent tools. If you are servicing a
                // product where the tool chain cannot be modified (e.g. producing a hotfix
                // for an already shipped version) ignore this warning. Modules built outside
                // of policy: {2}
                context.Logger.Log(this,
                    RuleUtilities.BuildResult(FailureLevel.Error, context, null,
                    nameof(RuleResources.BA2006_Error),
                        context.TargetUri.GetFileName(),
                        minimumRequiredCompilers,
                        badModulesText));
                return;
            }

            string[] sorted = goodCompilers.ToArray();
            Array.Sort(sorted);

            // All linked modules of '{0}' satisfy configured policy (observed compilers: {1}).
            context.Logger.Log(this,
                    RuleUtilities.BuildResult(ResultKind.Pass, context, null,
                    nameof(RuleResources.BA2006_Pass),
                        context.TargetUri.GetFileName(),
                        string.Join(", ", sorted)));
        }