Places in code with 6 or more lines that are exactly the same.
Intro
- For duplication, we look at places in code where there are 6 or more lines of code that are exactly the same.
- Before duplication is calculated, the code is cleaned to remove empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports.
- You should aim at having as little as possible (<5%) of duplicated code as high-level of duplication can lead to maintenance difficulties, poor factoring, and logical contradictions.
- To learn more about duplications and techniques for eliminating duplication, Sokrates recommends the following resources:
- Avoid Repetition, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article)
- Refactoring duplicated code, sourcemaking.com
- Beck Design Rules, MartinFowler.com
- DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle, Wikipedia
- The Cut-and-Paste Programming Software Development Anti-Pattern, sourcemaking.com
- Code Smells / Duplicated Code, Jeff Atwood, codinghorror.com:
- "Duplicated code is the bane of software development. Stamp out duplication whenever possible. You should always be on the lookout for more subtle cases of near-duplication, too. Don't Repeat Yourself!"
- Reducing Coupling, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article):
- "There are several ways to describe coupling, but it boils down to this: If changing one module in a program requires changing another module, then coupling exists. ... Duplication always implies coupling, because changing one piece of duplicate code implies changing the other."
Duplication Overall
- 99% duplication:
- 16,753 cleaned lines of cleaned code (without empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports)
- 16,638 duplicated lines
- 5,033 duplicates
Duplication per Extension
Duplication per Component (primary)
Duplication Between Components (50+ lines)
Open 3D force graph...
Show more details on duplication between components...
From Component
--> To Component
Duplicated
Lines
File Pairs
Details
Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
5376
124 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5353
124 file pairs
details...
Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5345
124 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
5278
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (100%)
--> Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
5260
122 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (100%)
--> Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
5260
122 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5230
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5230
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5230
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (97%)
5230
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (96%)
5214
122 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%)
--> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (96%)
5214
122 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%)
5213
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%)
5213
123 file pairs
details...
Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%)
5199
122 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (95%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (95%)
508
14 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (100%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (87%)
166
6 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (34%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (10%)
58
3 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (10%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (30%)
58
3 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (10%)
--> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (33%)
56
3 file pairs
details...
Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (10%)
--> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (29%)
56
3 file pairs
details...
| From Component --> To Component |
Duplicated Lines |
File Pairs | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) |
5376 | 124 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5353 | 124 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5345 | 124 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) |
5278 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (100%) --> Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) |
5260 | 122 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (100%) --> Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) |
5260 | 122 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5230 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5230 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5230 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (97%) |
5230 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (96%) |
5214 | 122 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (99%) --> Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (96%) |
5214 | 122 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%) |
5213 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%) |
5213 | 123 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard (98%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard (94%) |
5199 | 122 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (95%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (95%) |
508 | 14 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (100%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (87%) |
166 | 6 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (34%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (10%) |
58 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer (10%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (30%) |
58 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (10%) --> Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI (33%) |
56 | 3 file pairs | details... |
| Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer (10%) --> Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI (29%) |
56 | 3 file pairs | details... |
Longest Duplicates
The list of 20 longest duplicates.
| Size | # | Folders | Files | Lines | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 584 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard |  index.htmlindex.html |
1:774 (100%)1:774 (100%) | view |
| 584 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:774 (100%)1:774 (100%) | view |
| 584 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:774 (100%)1:774 (100%) | view |
| 584 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:775 (100%)1:775 (100%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 581 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
1:769 (99%)1:769 (99%) | view |
| 574 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
14:773 (98%)14:773 (98%) | view |
| 574 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
14:773 (98%)14:773 (98%) | view |
| 572 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
14:769 (98%)14:769 (97%) | view |
| 572 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
14:769 (98%)14:769 (97%) | view |
| 572 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | index.htmlindex.html |
14:769 (98%)14:769 (97%) | view |
| 534 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | tables.htmltables.html |
1:694 (100%)1:694 (100%) | view |
| 534 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | tables.htmltables.html |
1:694 (100%)1:694 (100%) | view |
| 534 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | tables.htmltables.html |
1:694 (100%)1:694 (100%) | view |
| 534 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard | tables.htmltables.html |
1:694 (100%)1:694 (100%) | view |
| 534 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.DashboardLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard | tables.htmltables.html |
1:694 (100%)1:694 (100%) | view |
Duplicated Units
The list of top 13 duplicated units.
| Size | # | Folders | Files | Lines | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPI/ControllersLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI/Controllers |  PushController.csPushController.cs |
35:51 35:51 | view |
| 13 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServerLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer | Startup.csStartup.cs |
38:53 38:53 | view |
| 13 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPILab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI | Startup.csStartup.cs |
27:41 27:41 | view |
| 63 | x 3 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/js |  sb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
1:85 1:85 1:85 | view |
| 11 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
6:19 21:34 | view |
| 79 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
1:105 1:105 | view |
| 9 | x 3 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
6:17 19:30 6:17 | view |
| 8 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServerLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer | Startup.csStartup.cs |
24:35 24:35 | view |
| 8 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.WebAPILab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.WebAPI | Startup.csStartup.cs |
44:53 44:53 | view |
| 7 | x 6 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
57:64 57:64 57:64 85:92 77:84 77:84 | view |
| 7 | x 6 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
67:74 67:74 67:74 95:102 87:94 87:94 | view |
| 6 | x 6 | Lab/Exercise1/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise1/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise2/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.Dashboard/jsLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.Dashboard/js | sb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.jssb-admin.js |
77:83 77:83 77:83 105:111 97:103 97:103 | view |
| 6 | x 2 | Lab/Exercise3/01-Start/Contoso.PushServer/PagesLab/Exercise3/02-End/Contoso.PushServer/Pages | Index.cshtml.csIndex.cshtml.cs |
24:30 24:30 | view |