Places in code with 6 or more lines that are exactly the same.
Intro
- For duplication, we look at places in code where there are 6 or more lines of code that are exactly the same.
- Before duplication is calculated, the code is cleaned to remove empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports.
- You should aim at having as little as possible (<5%) of duplicated code as high-level of duplication can lead to maintenance difficulties, poor factoring, and logical contradictions.
- To learn more about duplications and techniques for eliminating duplication, Sokrates recommends the following resources:
- Avoid Repetition, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article)
- Refactoring duplicated code, sourcemaking.com
- Beck Design Rules, MartinFowler.com
- DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle, Wikipedia
- The Cut-and-Paste Programming Software Development Anti-Pattern, sourcemaking.com
- Code Smells / Duplicated Code, Jeff Atwood, codinghorror.com:
- "Duplicated code is the bane of software development. Stamp out duplication whenever possible. You should always be on the lookout for more subtle cases of near-duplication, too. Don't Repeat Yourself!"
- Reducing Coupling, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article):
- "There are several ways to describe coupling, but it boils down to this: If changing one module in a program requires changing another module, then coupling exists. ... Duplication always implies coupling, because changing one piece of duplicate code implies changing the other."
Duplication Overall
- 46% duplication:
- 2,502 cleaned lines of cleaned code (without empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports)
- 1,159 duplicated lines
- 1,004 duplicates
Duplication per Extension
Duplication per Component (primary)
Duplication Between Components (50+ lines)
Open 3D force graph...
Show more details on duplication between components...
From Component
--> To Component
Duplicated
Lines
File Pairs
Details
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (48%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (88%)
296
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (44%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (81%)
272
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (38%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (35%)
234
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (61%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (61%)
204
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (91%)
204
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (91%)
204
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (91%)
204
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (25%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (32%)
189
4 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (30%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (40%)
189
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (51%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (25%)
172
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (36%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (25%)
171
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (28%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (24%)
165
4 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (71%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%)
158
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (71%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%)
158
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (71%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%)
158
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (68%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%)
153
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (68%)
153
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (68%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%)
153
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (43%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (21%)
146
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (31%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (43%)
145
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (63%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%)
142
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (63%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%)
142
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (63%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%)
142
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (34%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (24%)
139
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (18%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (20%)
134
4 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (57%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (57%)
128
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (57%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (57%)
128
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (57%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (57%)
128
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (27%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (38%)
127
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (54%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%)
122
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (54%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%)
122
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (54%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%)
122
1 file pair
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (29%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (18%)
120
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (26%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (14%)
106
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (9%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (8%)
60
2 file pairs
details...
models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (9%)
--> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (10%)
60
2 file pairs
details...
| From Component --> To Component |
Duplicated Lines |
File Pairs | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (48%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (88%) |
296 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (44%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (81%) |
272 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (38%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (35%) |
234 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (61%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (61%) |
204 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (91%) |
204 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (91%) |
204 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (33%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (91%) |
204 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (25%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (32%) |
189 | 4 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (30%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (40%) |
189 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (51%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (25%) |
172 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (36%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (25%) |
171 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (28%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (24%) |
165 | 4 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (71%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%) |
158 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (71%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%) |
158 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (71%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (23%) |
158 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (68%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%) |
153 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (68%) |
153 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (68%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (32%) |
153 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (43%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (21%) |
146 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (31%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (43%) |
145 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (63%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%) |
142 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (63%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%) |
142 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (63%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01 (42%) |
142 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (34%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (24%) |
139 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (18%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (20%) |
134 | 4 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (57%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (57%) |
128 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (57%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (57%) |
128 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (57%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (57%) |
128 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Light_01 (27%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (38%) |
127 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01 (54%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%) |
122 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01 (54%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%) |
122 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_RaceStartLight_01 (54%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_TrafficCone_01 (36%) |
122 | 1 file pair | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (29%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01 (18%) |
120 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01 (26%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (14%) |
106 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (9%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01 (8%) |
60 | 2 file pairs | details... |
| models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01 (9%) --> models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01 (10%) |
60 | 2 file pairs | details... |
Longest Duplicates
The list of 20 longest duplicates.
| Size | # | Folders | Files | Lines | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01/meshes | DAE aws_Column_01_visual.DAEaws_Ground_01_visual.DAE |
25:57 (14%)25:57 (24%) | view |
| 33 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_Column_01_visual.DAEaws_Wall_01_visual.DAE |
25:57 (14%)25:57 (14%) | view |
| 33 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_Ground_01_visual.DAEaws_Wall_01_visual.DAE |
25:57 (24%)25:57 (14%) | view |
| 32 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_rac...k_TrafficCone_01/meshes | DAE aws_StopSign_01_collision.DAEaws_TrafficCone_01_coliision.DAE |
36:67 (19%)36:67 (19%) | view |
| 28 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Archway_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Ground_01/meshes | DAE aws_Archway_01_collision.DAEaws_Ground_01_collision.DAE |
11:38 (13%)11:38 (18%) | view |
| 28 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Column_01/meshes | DAE aws_Column_01_collision.DAEaws_Column_01_visual.DAE |
63:90 (18%)136:163 (12%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_StopSign_01_collision.DAEaws_Wall_01_collision.DAE |
60:85 (15%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Fence_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Fence_01_collision.DAE |
124:149 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Wall_01_collision.DAE |
220:245 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_rac...aceStartLight_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_RaceStartLight_01_collision.DAEaws_Wall_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (23%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Billboard_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (8%)124:149 (8%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Billboard_01_collision.DAE |
124:149 (8%)220:245 (8%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_Fence_01_collision.DAEaws_Wall_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (23%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_rac...aceStartLight_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01/meshes | DAE aws_RaceStartLight_01_collision.DAEaws_StopSign_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (23%)60:85 (15%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Fence_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Fence_01_collision.DAE |
220:245 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_rac...aceStartLight_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_RaceStartLight_01_collision.DAE |
124:149 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Wall_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_Wall_01_collision.DAE |
124:149 (8%)28:53 (23%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_FenceMesh_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01/meshes | DAE aws_FenceMesh_01_collision.DAEaws_StopSign_01_collision.DAE |
28:53 (23%)60:85 (15%) | view |
| 26 | x 2 | models/aws_robomaker_racetrack_Billboard_01/meshesmodels/aws_robomaker_racetrack_StopSign_01/meshes | DAE aws_Billboard_01_collision.DAEaws_StopSign_01_collision.DAE |
220:245 (8%)60:85 (15%) | view |