Duplication Overall
- 8% duplication:
- 8,888 cleaned lines of cleaned code (without empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports)
- 756 duplicated lines
- 49 duplicates
Duplication per Extension
Duplication per Component (primary)
Duplication Between Components (50+ lines)
flowchart TB
n0["example_deployment"]
n1["webapp"]
n2["reaper"]
n0 ---|"154"| n1
n2 ---|"64"| n1
classDef default fill:#00b2ee,stroke:#ffffff,color:#000000;
classDef highlighted fill:#00b2ee,stroke:#ffffff,color:#000000;
linkStyle 0 stroke:#DC143CFF,stroke-width:10px
linkStyle 1 stroke:#DC143C93,stroke-width:4px
Download:
Mermaid (.mmd)
(open online Mermaid editor)
2D force graph
|
3D force graph
Show more details on duplication between components...
From Component
--> To Component
Duplicated
Lines
File Pairs
Details
example_deployment (20%)
--> webapp (2%)
154
4 file pairs
details...
reaper (24%)
--> webapp (<1%)
64
1 file pair
details...
flowchart TB
n0["example_deployment"]
n1["webapp"]
n2["reaper"]
n0 ---|"154"| n1
n2 ---|"64"| n1
classDef default fill:#00b2ee,stroke:#ffffff,color:#000000;
classDef highlighted fill:#00b2ee,stroke:#ffffff,color:#000000;
linkStyle 0 stroke:#DC143CFF,stroke-width:10px
linkStyle 1 stroke:#DC143C93,stroke-width:4px
Show more details on duplication between components...
| From Component --> To Component |
Duplicated Lines |
File Pairs | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| example_deployment (20%) --> webapp (2%) |
154 | 4 file pairs | details... |
| reaper (24%) --> webapp (<1%) |
64 | 1 file pair | details... |
Longest Duplicates
The list of 49 longest duplicates.
Most Frequent Duplicates
The list of 8 most frequently found duplicates.
Duplicated Units
The list of top 4 duplicated units.
About This Analysis
- For duplication, we look at places in code where there are 6 or more lines of code that are exactly the same.
- Before duplication is calculated, the code is cleaned to remove empty lines, comments, and frequently duplicated constructs such as imports.
- You should aim at having as little as possible (<5%) of duplicated code as high-level of duplication can lead to maintenance difficulties, poor factoring, and logical contradictions.
Learn more...
- To learn more about duplications and techniques for eliminating duplication, Sokrates recommends the following resources:
- Avoid Repetition, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article)
- Refactoring duplicated code, sourcemaking.com
- Beck Design Rules, MartinFowler.com
- DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle, Wikipedia
- The Cut-and-Paste Programming Software Development Anti-Pattern, sourcemaking.com
- Code Smells / Duplicated Code, Jeff Atwood, codinghorror.com:
- "Duplicated code is the bane of software development. Stamp out duplication whenever possible. You should always be on the lookout for more subtle cases of near-duplication, too. Don't Repeat Yourself!"
- Reducing Coupling, MartinFlower.com (IEEE Software article):
- "There are several ways to describe coupling, but it boils down to this: If changing one module in a program requires changing another module, then coupling exists. ... Duplication always implies coupling, because changing one piece of duplicate code implies changing the other."