openai/openai-cookbook
File Churn
File change frequency (churn) shows the distribution of file updates (days with at least one commit).
Overview
File Change Frequency Overall
  • There are 8 files with 8,077 lines of code.
    • 2 files changed more than 100 times (4,078 lines of code)
    • 0 files changed 51-100 times (0 lines of code)
    • 0 files changed 21-50 times (0 lines of code)
    • 0 files changed 6-20 times (0 lines of code)
    • 6 files changed 1-5 times (3,999 lines of code)
50% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 49%
Legend:
101+
51-100
21-50
6-20
1-5

explore: grouped by folders | grouped by update frequency | data
Contributors Count Frequency Overall
  • There are 8 files with 8,077 lines of code.
    • 2 files changed by more than 25 contributors (4,078 lines of code)
    • 0 files changed by 11-25 contributors (0 lines of code)
    • 0 files changed by 6-10 contributors (0 lines of code)
    • 3 files changed by 2-5 contributors (2,555 lines of code)
    • 3 files changed by 1 contributor (1,444 lines of code)
50% | 0% | 0% | 31% | 17%
Legend:
26+
11-25
6-10
2-5
1

explore: grouped by folders | grouped by contributors count | data
File Change Frequency per File Extension
py, ipynb, json, md, txt, mjs, ts, js, svg, pkl, tsx, gitignore, html, cjs, yaml, jsonl, toml, css, yml, mdx, scss, jsx, dockerignore, sh, gitattributes, tex, jsonc, prettierignore
File Change Frequency per Extension
The number of recorded file updates
101+
51-100
21-50
6-20
1-5
yaml100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0%
ipynb0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100%
py0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100%
File Change Frequency per Logical Decomposition
primary
primary (file change frequency)
The number of recorded file updates
101+
51-100
21-50
6-20
1-5
ROOT100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0%
articles0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100%
.github0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100%
Most Frequently Changed Files (Top 8)

See data for all files...

File# lines# unitscreatedlast modified# changes
(days)		# contributorsline
churn		first
contributor		latest
contributor
3530 - 2023-10-02 2026-10-02 228 124 +4271 / -414 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
548 - 2023-11-08 2026-10-02 118 103 +729 / -41 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
run-colab.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 247 - 2025-08-06 2025-08-13 3 2 +4770 / -4523 pedro@huggingface.co vaibhavs10@gmail.com
fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 673 - 2025-08-05 2025-08-06 2 2 +678 / -5 dkundel@openai.com sergiopaniegoblanco@gmail.com
1635 - 2026-01-13 2026-01-14 2 2 +1635 / -0 vb@openai.com zhenwei.gao@cerebras.net
check_notebooks.py
in .github/scripts
 39 3 2025-04-28 2025-04-28 1 1 +61 / -0 brandonbaker@openai.com brandonbaker@openai.com
run-nvidia.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 209 - 2025-08-15 2025-08-15 1 1 +209 / -0 dkundel@openai.com dkundel@openai.com
fine-tune-korean.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 1196 - 2025-08-26 2025-08-26 1 1 +1196 / -0 heejin@openai.com heejin@openai.com
Files With Most Churn (Top 8)
Based on the number of lines added and deleted across all commits.

See data for all files...

File# lines# unitscreatedlast modified# changes
(days)		# contributorsline
churn		first
contributor		latest
contributor
run-colab.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 247 - 2025-08-06 2025-08-13 3 2 +4770 / -4523 pedro@huggingface.co vaibhavs10@gmail.com
3530 - 2023-10-02 2026-10-02 228 124 +4271 / -414 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
1635 - 2026-01-13 2026-01-14 2 2 +1635 / -0 vb@openai.com zhenwei.gao@cerebras.net
fine-tune-korean.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 1196 - 2025-08-26 2025-08-26 1 1 +1196 / -0 heejin@openai.com heejin@openai.com
548 - 2023-11-08 2026-10-02 118 103 +729 / -41 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 673 - 2025-08-05 2025-08-06 2 2 +678 / -5 dkundel@openai.com sergiopaniegoblanco@gmail.com
run-nvidia.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 209 - 2025-08-15 2025-08-15 1 1 +209 / -0 dkundel@openai.com dkundel@openai.com
check_notebooks.py
in .github/scripts
 39 3 2025-04-28 2025-04-28 1 1 +61 / -0 brandonbaker@openai.com brandonbaker@openai.com
Files With Most Contributors (Top 8)
Based on the number of unique email addresses found in commits.

See data for all files...

File# lines# unitscreatedlast modified# changes
(days)		# contributorsline
churn		first
contributor		latest
contributor
3530 - 2023-10-02 2026-10-02 228 124 +4271 / -414 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
548 - 2023-11-08 2026-10-02 118 103 +729 / -41 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
run-colab.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 247 - 2025-08-06 2025-08-13 3 2 +4770 / -4523 pedro@huggingface.co vaibhavs10@gmail.com
fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 673 - 2025-08-05 2025-08-06 2 2 +678 / -5 dkundel@openai.com sergiopaniegoblanco@gmail.com
1635 - 2026-01-13 2026-01-14 2 2 +1635 / -0 vb@openai.com zhenwei.gao@cerebras.net
run-nvidia.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 209 - 2025-08-15 2025-08-15 1 1 +209 / -0 dkundel@openai.com dkundel@openai.com
fine-tune-korean.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 1196 - 2025-08-26 2025-08-26 1 1 +1196 / -0 heejin@openai.com heejin@openai.com
check_notebooks.py
in .github/scripts
 39 3 2025-04-28 2025-04-28 1 1 +61 / -0 brandonbaker@openai.com brandonbaker@openai.com
Files With Least Contributors (Top 8)
Based on the number of unique email addresses found in commits.

See data for all files...

File# lines# unitscreatedlast modified# changes
(days)		# contributorsline
churn		first
contributor		latest
contributor
fine-tune-korean.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 1196 - 2025-08-26 2025-08-26 1 1 +1196 / -0 heejin@openai.com heejin@openai.com
run-nvidia.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 209 - 2025-08-15 2025-08-15 1 1 +209 / -0 dkundel@openai.com dkundel@openai.com
check_notebooks.py
in .github/scripts
 39 3 2025-04-28 2025-04-28 1 1 +61 / -0 brandonbaker@openai.com brandonbaker@openai.com
1635 - 2026-01-13 2026-01-14 2 2 +1635 / -0 vb@openai.com zhenwei.gao@cerebras.net
fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 673 - 2025-08-05 2025-08-06 2 2 +678 / -5 dkundel@openai.com sergiopaniegoblanco@gmail.com
run-colab.ipynb
in articles/gpt-oss
 247 - 2025-08-06 2025-08-13 3 2 +4770 / -4523 pedro@huggingface.co vaibhavs10@gmail.com
548 - 2023-11-08 2026-10-02 118 103 +729 / -41 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
3530 - 2023-10-02 2026-10-02 228 124 +4271 / -414 simonpfish@gmail.com sperry@openai.com
Correlations

File Size vs. Number of Changes: 8 points

authors.yaml x: 548 lines of code y: 118 # changes registry.yaml x: 3530 lines of code y: 228 # changes articles/gpt-oss/build-your-own-fact-checker-cerebras.ipynb x: 1635 lines of code y: 2 # changes articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-korean.ipynb x: 1196 lines of code y: 1 # changes articles/gpt-oss/run-nvidia.ipynb x: 209 lines of code y: 1 # changes articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 247 lines of code y: 3 # changes articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb x: 673 lines of code y: 2 # changes .github/scripts/check_notebooks.py x: 39 lines of code y: 1 # changes
228.0
# changes
  min: 1.0
  average: 44.5
  25th percentile: 1.0
  median: 2.0
  75th percentile: 89.25
  max: 228.0
0 3530.0
lines of code
min: 39.0 | average: 1009.63 | 25th percentile: 218.5 | median: 610.5 | 75th percentile: 1525.25 | max: 3530.0

Number of Contributors vs. Number of Changes: 8 points

authors.yaml x: 103 # contributors y: 118 # changes registry.yaml x: 124 # contributors y: 228 # changes articles/gpt-oss/build-your-own-fact-checker-cerebras.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 2 # changes articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-korean.ipynb x: 1 # contributors y: 1 # changes articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 3 # changes
228.0
# changes
  min: 1.0
  average: 44.5
  25th percentile: 1.0
  median: 2.0
  75th percentile: 89.25
  max: 228.0
0 124.0
# contributors
min: 1.0 | average: 29.5 | 25th percentile: 1.0 | median: 2.0 | 75th percentile: 77.75 | max: 124.0

Number of Contributors vs. File Size: 8 points

authors.yaml x: 103 # contributors y: 548 lines of code registry.yaml x: 124 # contributors y: 3530 lines of code articles/gpt-oss/build-your-own-fact-checker-cerebras.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 1635 lines of code articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-korean.ipynb x: 1 # contributors y: 1196 lines of code articles/gpt-oss/run-nvidia.ipynb x: 1 # contributors y: 209 lines of code articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 247 lines of code articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 673 lines of code .github/scripts/check_notebooks.py x: 1 # contributors y: 39 lines of code
3530.0
lines of code
  min: 39.0
  average: 1009.63
  25th percentile: 218.5
  median: 610.5
  75th percentile: 1525.25
  max: 3530.0
0 124.0
# contributors
min: 1.0 | average: 29.5 | 25th percentile: 1.0 | median: 2.0 | 75th percentile: 77.75 | max: 124.0

Number of Changes vs. Line Churn: 1928 points

.github/workflows/validate-usage-budget.yml x: 1 # changes y: 81 line churn authors.yaml x: 118 # changes y: 770 line churn registry.yaml x: 228 # changes y: 4685 line churn CONTRIBUTING.md x: 6 # changes y: 455 line churn .gitignore x: 16 # changes y: 40 line churn examples/agents_api/sandboxes/README.md x: 4 # changes y: 92 line churn examples/agents_api/README.md x: 3 # changes y: 95 line churn examples/agents_api/apps/document_review/README.md x: 5 # changes y: 302 line churn examples/agents_api/sandboxes/application_managed/README.md x: 2 # changes y: 64 line churn examples/agents_api/sandboxes/application_managed/cloudflare/package-lock.json x: 2 # changes y: 3332 line churn examples/agents_api/sandboxes/cloudflare/package-lock.json x: 1 # changes y: 1704 line churn examples/partners/AWS/chatgpt_agents_sdk_aws_agentcore_cookbook/runtime-agent/package-lock.json x: 1 # changes y: 11628 line churn examples/partners/AWS/chatgpt_agents_sdk_aws_agentcore_cookbook/runtime-agent/uv.lock x: 1 # changes y: 4252 line churn examples/codex/build_code_review_with_codex_sdk.md x: 8 # changes y: 1181 line churn examples/agents_sdk/context_personalization.ipynb x: 3 # changes y: 1819 line churn examples/Assistants_API_overview_python.ipynb x: 9 # changes y: 4246 line churn examples/Classification_using_embeddings.ipynb x: 10 # changes y: 497 line churn examples/Clustering.ipynb x: 13 # changes y: 499 line churn examples/Customizing_embeddings.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 65916 line churn examples/How_to_call_functions_with_chat_models.ipynb x: 17 # changes y: 13091 line churn examples/How_to_format_inputs_to_ChatGPT_models.ipynb x: 10 # changes y: 1714 line churn examples/Question_answering_using_embeddings.ipynb x: 24 # changes y: 8310 line churn examples/Realtime_prompting_guide.ipynb x: 6 # changes y: 2144 line churn examples/Recommendation_using_embeddings.ipynb x: 8 # changes y: 168442 line churn examples/Reinforcement_Fine_Tuning.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 2605 line churn examples/Using_logprobs.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 1667 line churn examples/Visualizing_embeddings_in_3D.ipynb x: 9 # changes y: 116 line churn examples/evaluation/How_to_evaluate_LLMs_for_SQL_generation.ipynb x: 3 # changes y: 3861 line churn examples/gpt-5/gpt-5_new_params_and_tools.ipynb x: 4 # changes y: 1969 line churn examples/partners/eval_driven_system_design/receipt_inspection.ipynb x: 5 # changes y: 1865 line churn examples/partners/temporal_agents_with_knowledge_graphs/temporal_agents.ipynb x: 2 # changes y: 7050 line churn examples/How_to_handle_rate_limits.ipynb x: 14 # changes y: 1899 line churn examples/agents_sdk/deployment_manager/frontend/src/styles.css x: 2 # changes y: 5012 line churn examples/partners/schemaflow_design_guide/schemaflow_cookbook.ipynb x: 2 # changes y: 5175 line churn examples/partners/AWS/openai_models_with_amazon_bedrock.ipynb x: 1 # changes y: 7467 line churn examples/partners/temporal_agents_with_knowledge_graphs/temporal_agents_with_knowledge_graphs.ipynb x: 3 # changes y: 14186 line churn examples/fine-tuned_qa/reinforcement_finetuning_healthbench.ipynb x: 5 # changes y: 3684 line churn examples/api_request_parallel_processor.py x: 14 # changes y: 1072 line churn articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 3 # changes y: 9293 line churn examples/voice_solutions/one_way_translation_using_realtime_api/package-lock.json x: 2 # changes y: 20238 line churn examples/How_to_call_functions_for_knowledge_retrieval.ipynb x: 11 # changes y: 2512 line churn README.md x: 50 # changes y: 2226 line churn examples/Multiclass_classification_for_transactions.ipynb x: 12 # changes y: 5726 line churn examples/vector_databases/qdrant/Getting_started_with_Qdrant_and_OpenAI.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 431349 line churn examples/object_oriented_agentic_approach/resources/data/traffic_accidents.csv x: 1 # changes y: 8757 line churn examples/azure/embeddings.ipynb x: 12 # changes y: 1014 line churn examples/How_to_count_tokens_with_tiktoken.ipynb x: 17 # changes y: 2315 line churn examples/How_to_stream_completions.ipynb x: 12 # changes y: 10914 line churn examples/Fine_tuning_for_function_calling.ipynb x: 8 # changes y: 4308 line churn examples/vector_databases/pinecone/Semantic_Search.ipynb x: 4 # changes y: 15179 line churn examples/Embedding_long_inputs.ipynb x: 8 # changes y: 2919 line churn examples/Semantic_text_search_using_embeddings.ipynb x: 11 # changes y: 327 line churn examples/vector_databases/pinecone/GPT4_Retrieval_Augmentation.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 3886 line churn examples/fine-tuned_qa/olympics-2-create-qa.ipynb x: 9 # changes y: 3139 line churn examples/data/amazon_product_kg.json x: 1 # changes y: 24091 line churn techniques_to_improve_reliability.md x: 15 # changes y: 1850 line churn apps/enterprise-knowledge-retrieval/enterprise_knowledge_retrieval.ipynb x: 7 # changes y: 13875 line churn apps/file-q-and-a/nextjs-with-flask-server/client/package-lock.json x: 5 # changes y: 26957 line churn apps/file-q-and-a/nextjs/package-lock.json x: 6 # changes y: 26985 line churn examples/vector_databases/Using_vector_databases_for_embeddings_search.ipynb x: 20 # changes y: 9609 line churn examples/data/styles_44k.csv x: 2 # changes y: 88894 line churn examples/How_to_call_functions_with_Chat_models.ipynb x: 1 # changes y: 5504 line churn examples/data/example_requests_to_parallel_process.jsonl x: 3 # changes y: 20004 line churn apps/enterprise-knowledge-retrieval/data/wikipedia_articles_2000.csv x: 2 # changes y: 120806 line churn solutions/web_crawl_Q&A/web-qa.ipynb x: 5 # changes y: 5144 line churn
431349.0
line churn
  min: 1.0
  average: 960.42
  25th percentile: 32.0
  median: 105.0
  75th percentile: 397.75
  max: 431349.0
0 228.0
# changes
min: 1.0 | average: 1.99 | 25th percentile: 1.0 | median: 1.0 | 75th percentile: 2.0 | max: 228.0

Number of Contributors vs. Line Churn: 8 points

authors.yaml x: 103 # contributors y: 770 line churn registry.yaml x: 124 # contributors y: 4685 line churn articles/gpt-oss/build-your-own-fact-checker-cerebras.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 1635 line churn articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-korean.ipynb x: 1 # contributors y: 1196 line churn articles/gpt-oss/run-nvidia.ipynb x: 1 # contributors y: 209 line churn articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 9293 line churn articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb x: 2 # contributors y: 683 line churn .github/scripts/check_notebooks.py x: 1 # contributors y: 61 line churn
9293.0
line churn
  min: 61.0
  average: 2316.5
  25th percentile: 327.5
  median: 983.0
  75th percentile: 3922.5
  max: 9293.0
0 124.0
# contributors
min: 1.0 | average: 29.5 | 25th percentile: 1.0 | median: 2.0 | 75th percentile: 77.75 | max: 124.0

File Size vs. Line Churn: 8 points

authors.yaml x: 548 lines of code y: 770 line churn registry.yaml x: 3530 lines of code y: 4685 line churn articles/gpt-oss/build-your-own-fact-checker-cerebras.ipynb x: 1635 lines of code y: 1635 line churn articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-korean.ipynb x: 1196 lines of code y: 1196 line churn articles/gpt-oss/run-nvidia.ipynb x: 209 lines of code y: 209 line churn articles/gpt-oss/run-colab.ipynb x: 247 lines of code y: 9293 line churn articles/gpt-oss/fine-tune-transfomers.ipynb x: 673 lines of code y: 683 line churn .github/scripts/check_notebooks.py x: 39 lines of code y: 61 line churn
9293.0
line churn
  min: 61.0
  average: 2316.5
  25th percentile: 327.5
  median: 983.0
  75th percentile: 3922.5
  max: 9293.0
0 3530.0
lines of code
min: 39.0 | average: 1009.63 | 25th percentile: 218.5 | median: 610.5 | 75th percentile: 1525.25 | max: 3530.0